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探索眼底形态与中晚早产青少年的生长相关的眼底形态

Alexandra Lind^1,2, Sara Ali¹, Titus Ovik¹

¹Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Acta ophthalmologica

|October 3, 2025

概括

与满期同龄人相比,中期到晚期早产 (MLP) 的青少年表现出眼底形态的改变,包括较薄的视网膜神经纤维层和增加的黄斑厚度. 出生的体重和生长因素可能会影响这些发现.

科学领域:

眼科医生眼科眼科
新生儿科学新生儿科学
发展生物学发展生物学

背景情况:

过早分娩,特别是中到晚期过早分娩 (MLP),可以影响长期的神经发育和生理结果.
眼底形态,包括视网膜神经纤维层 (RNFL) 和黄斑厚度,是眼睛健康和发育的关键指标.
了解早产对眼部结构的影响对于早期发现和干预潜在的视力障碍至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了研究中期到晚期早产 (MLP) 出生的青少年与全程对照之间的眼底形态差异.
探索眼底参数和生长因子 (IGF-I,IGFBP-3) 与这些青少年群体的出生体重之间的关系.

主要方法:

一项前性,基于人群的队列研究,涉及50名MLP青少年和50名全期对照 (平均年龄~16.6岁).
光学连贯断层扫描 (OCT) 用于测量中央黄斑视网膜厚度 (MRT) 和周围细胞状视网膜神经纤维层 (ppRNFL) 厚度.
测量结果分析了与妊娠年龄,外学数据,胰岛素样生长因子-I (IGF-I),IGF结合蛋白3 (IGFBP-3) 和出生体重相关的数据.

主要成果:

与对照组相比,MLP青少年在右眼中显著增加了中央黄斑视网膜厚度 (MRT).
患有MLP的青少年在两只眼睛中表现出较薄的总和鼻周状视网膜神经纤维层 (ppRNFL) 厚度.
在ppRNFL厚度和IGF-I水平之间,以及在MRT和IGF-I/IGFBP-3比率之间观察到弱相关性. 光学杯/光盘面积比与出生体重相关.

结论:

中度到晚期的早产与青春期明显的眼底形态有关,其特点是较薄的ppRNFL和较大的MRT.
增长因素和出生体重可能在调节MLP青少年观察到的这些眼睛结构差异方面发挥作用.
这些发现凸显了早产的潜在长期眼部后果,并强调了需要持续监测的必要性.

关键词:

青少年时期青春期类似胰岛素的增长因子-I.斑点视网膜的厚度斑点视网膜的厚度中度到晚期的早产期.光学连贯断层扫描和视网膜神经纤维层.

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