弥合知识差距:评估委内瑞拉妇女乳腺癌意识和早期检测实践
Bárbara A Núñez Fermín1, María Eugenia Aponte-Rueda2, Darshi Shah3
1Department of Surgery, Caracas University Hospital, Caracas, Venezuela.
概括
委内瑞拉妇女对乳腺癌症状有很高的认识,但对风险因素和早期检测缺乏了解. 有针对性的健康教育对于提高识字能力和赋予低资源环境中的妇女权力至关重要.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 乳腺癌 (BC) 是全球癌症死亡的主要原因,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
- 委内瑞拉的晚期诊断由有限的认识,延迟寻求医疗保健和缺乏早期检测服务的机会加剧.
- 了解女性的知识对于制定有效的乳腺癌控制策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估委内瑞拉妇女对乳腺癌 (BC) 迹象,症状,风险因素和早期检测方法的知识.
- 识别与不同程度的乳腺癌相关的社会人口统计因素.
- 为改善委内瑞拉乳腺癌意识和查实践提供有针对性的干预信息.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及197名妇女的横截面研究于2023年4月至8月在卡拉卡斯大学医院进行.
- 使用结构化,面试官管理的问卷来收集数据,评估BC迹象/症状,风险因素和早期检测的知识.
- 根据预定义的门,知识分数被分类为高或低.
主要成果:
- 观察到对BC症状的高度意识,其中89.3%的人识别了乳腺块.
- 只有9%的参与者表现出对风险因素的高度了解;肥胖是最被认可的 (54.8%).
- 高等教育与更好的风险因素知识相关 (p=0.04),乳腺诊所出诊与更好的早期检测知识相关 (p=0.04).
结论:
- 虽然症状意识很高,但有关委内瑞拉妇女乳腺癌风险因素和查实践的重大知识差距仍然存在.
- 教育干预必须超越基本意识,提高健康素养,并提供可操作的信息.
- 需要有针对性的战略来赋予妇女权力,特别是那些教育程度较低的妇女,以改善早期检测和结果.
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