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相关概念视频

Van der Waals Interactions01:24

Van der Waals Interactions

70.2K
Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.
70.2K
Van der Waals Equation01:10

Van der Waals Equation

6.2K
The ideal gas law is an approximation that works well at high temperatures and low pressures. The van der Waals equation of state (named after the Dutch physicist Johannes van der Waals, 1837−1923) improves it by considering two factors.
First, the attractive forces between molecules, which are stronger at higher densities and reduce the pressure, are considered by adding to the pressure a term equal to the square of the molar density multiplied by a positive coefficient a. Second, the volume...
6.2K
Underflow Gates01:30

Underflow Gates

362
Underflow gates are vital for controlling water flow in irrigation canals. The three main types of underflow gates — vertical, radial, and drum gates — serve different purposes while ensuring effective flow management. Vertical gates move up and down, generating a free-flowing water jet; radial gates pivot to regulate the flow; and drum gates rotate for precise adjustments. The flow through these gates is influenced by downstream conditions, resulting in free or drowned outflow.Free and...
362
Real Gases: Effects of Intermolecular Forces and Molecular Volume Deriving Van der Waals Equation04:01

Real Gases: Effects of Intermolecular Forces and Molecular Volume Deriving Van der Waals Equation

38.8K
Thus far, the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, has been applied to a variety of different types of problems, ranging from reaction stoichiometry and empirical and molecular formula problems to determining the density and molar mass of a gas. However, the behavior of a gas is often non-ideal, meaning that the observed relationships between its pressure, volume, and temperature are not accurately described by the gas laws.
38.8K
Design Example: Forces in Sluice Gate01:11

Design Example: Forces in Sluice Gate

2.8K
In hydraulic engineering, sluice gates are essential for managing water flow through channels, reservoirs, and irrigation systems. Sluice gates, acting as vertical barriers, regulate water by adjusting the gate's opening height, which changes the velocity and pressure of water flowing beneath the gate. Understanding the forces involved is crucial to designing sluice gates that can withstand dynamic pressure differences, especially when the gate is closed or partially open.
Key variables in...
2.8K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
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Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating

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水流对范德瓦尔斯表面的电阻效应.

Hua Kang1,2,3,4, Yang Yue1,3,5, Jiayu Liang6,7

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

Science advances
|October 3, 2025
PubMed
概括

移动的水分子在原始表面上产生电效应,与依赖离子的效应不同. 这一发现使新的水流门式晶体管 (WGTs) 能够实现高效的水电信号传输.

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Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions
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Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions
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科学领域:

  • 物理与材料科学 物理与材料科学
  • 纳米技术纳米技术
  • 表面科学是一门学科.

背景情况:

  • 自19世纪以来,在流体-固体接口的电效应得到了充分的研究.
  • 传统的效应依赖于离子迁移或表面功能组.
  • 水流对原始表面的内在电效应仍然未被充分探索.

研究的目的:

  • 研究水流对原始范德瓦尔斯表面的内在电效应.
  • 探索一种超出离子或功能组依赖效应的新型水电现象.
  • 开发一种新设备,以高效地传输水流信号.

主要方法:

  • 在石墨烯,WSe2和MoS2.2上对水流的实验研究.
  • 水流门式晶体管 (WGTs) 的制造和表征.
  • 测量电压响应和信号传导能力.

主要成果:

  • 在原始的范德瓦尔斯材料上发现了水流电阻效应.
  • 演示WGTs转换的流量信号低至600nm/s.
  • 实现了高达1.53×10^4V/m·s的电压响应,远高于现有设备.

结论:

  • 水流电门效应是水表面相互作用的内在性质.
  • WGT为具有高灵敏度的水电设备提供了一个新的范式.
  • 这项技术可以在微流体系统中实现高效的信号传输和逻辑操作.