在司法涉及的青少年中,监禁和精神障碍之间的时间关系:基于人口的队列研究
Emaediong I Akpanekpo1, Azar Kariminia2, Preeyaporn Srasuebkul3
1School of Population Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
概括
以前存在的精神障碍增加了年轻人入狱的风险. 监禁也增加了青少年新精神障碍诊断的风险,特别是那些处于弱势地区的青少年.
科学领域:
- 法医精神病学 法医精神病学
- 儿童和青少年精神病学 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 精神障碍在青少年中很普遍.
- 青少年监禁是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 了解心理健康和司法系统参与之间的相互作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查青少年精神障碍和监禁之间的双向关系.
- 测试先前存在的精神障碍是否预测监禁风险.
- 检查监禁是否预测未先诊断的青少年发生精神障碍诊断.
主要方法:
- 在新南威尔士州,对1551名青少年 (10-17岁) 的健康和司法记录进行了回顾性队列研究.
- 修改Poisson回归来评估先前存在的精神障碍和监禁之间的关联.
- 普伦蒂斯-威廉姆斯-彼得森总时间模型评估监禁对事件精神障碍诊断的影响.
主要成果:
- 患有先前存在的精神疾病的青少年有26%的监禁风险增加 (aRR: 1.26,CI: 1.09-1.45).
- 这种联系在暴力犯罪中更为强烈.
- 监禁与22%的新精神障碍诊断风险增加有关 (aHR:1.22,CI:1.09-1.37),特别是在社会经济不利的地区.
结论:
- 研究结果表明,青少年心理健康和监禁之间存在重大联系.
- 监禁可能会对青少年的心理健康产生负面影响.
- 建议对纠正设施内的转移计划和心理健康护理产生影响.
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