语言流的双重任务显示了与年龄相关的更大的认知运动干扰:行走表现的元分析
Kenneth Harrison1, Keven Santa-Maria Guzman1, Brandon M Peoples1
1Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
Experimental brain research
|October 4, 2025
概括
与年轻的成年人相比,老年人在双重任务行走时经历了更大的步行速度减少. 语言流性任务独特地损害了老年人的步态,比连续减去更严重,突出了与年龄相关的认知运动整合变化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 在认知双重任务期间的步行表现在年轻人和老年人中得到了很好的研究.
- 然而,不同认知任务对步态的具体影响仍然不清楚.
- 了解这些差异对于应对老龄化中的移动性挑战至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在双重任务行走过程中量化与年龄相关的步行速度差异.
- 调查认知任务类型作为这些年龄相关差异的调节者.
- 探索衰老中认知运动干扰的神经基础.
主要方法:
- 在Web of Science上进行了系统的文献搜索,寻找相关研究.
- 22项研究,包括544名年轻人和511名老年人,符合纳入标准.
- 对单任务和双任务条件的步行速度数据进行了元分析,其中包括连续减法和口头流利等认知任务.
主要成果:
- 一个显著的整体效应表明,在老年人中,双重任务成本更高 (g = -0.2612,p = 0.0261).
- 亚组分析显示,口头流利的任务导致了更大的,与年龄相关的步行速度的显著差异 (g = -0.4744,p = 0.0191).
- 序列减去任务对与年龄相关的步态差异产生了较小,无意义的影响 (g = -0.1412,p = 0.3474).
结论:
- 语言流利性任务在老年人中强加独特的神经资源竞争,影响步行控制.
- 这种特定任务的脆弱性表明,与年龄相关的认知-运动集成的变化.
- 针对执行职能的康复可能有助于保持老龄化人口的流动性.
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