从暴露到微纳米塑料诱导的神经毒性,与大脑积累和认知衰退
Hai-Tao Gao1, Hai-Qian Zhou1, Hao-Nan Ji1
1Department of Neurology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China; Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University and School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200240, China; Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
|October 4, 2025
概括
微纳米塑料 (MNPs) 可以进入大脑,导致认知缺陷和神经炎症. 需要进一步的研究来了解MNP的神经毒性,并制定公共卫生干预措施.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 微纳米塑料 (MNP) 是无处不在的环境污染物.
- 以前被认为是惰性的,现在已知MNP可以穿越生物屏障,包括血脑屏障 (BBB).
- 像海马体和前额叶皮层这样的关键大脑区域的积累引起了对神经健康的担忧.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前关于MNP神经毒性的证据.
- 阐明MNP诱导的大脑损伤的机制.
- 识别知识差距并倡导公共卫生干预措施.
主要方法:
- 文献综述综合环境暴露数据.
- 对研究MNP对认知和行为影响的动物研究的分析.
- 检查机械路径,包括氧化应激,神经炎症和肠-大脑轴障碍.
主要成果:
- 在关键的大脑区域积聚MNP,影响记忆和执行功能.
- 在动物模型中,慢性MNP暴露会导致认知缺陷和神经退行性病理.
- 机制包括氧化应激,神经炎症,突触功能障碍和肠-大脑轴变化.
- 此外,MNP还会对脑血管健康产生负面影响,增加认知能力下降和中风的风险.
结论:
- 许多MNP对神经和脑血管健康构成重大威胁.
- 多方面的机制是MNP神经毒性的基础.
- 迫切需要研究和公共卫生战略来缓解MNP风险.
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