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将生态系统服务的供需动态纳入流域管理:为量化净水服务提供一个新的框架
Lei Tan1, Guishan Yang2, Qing Zhu1
1State Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China; College of Nanjing, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China.
Water research
|October 4, 2025
概括
有效的流域管理需要了解水净化服务 (WPS) 的供需不匹配. 这项研究开发了一个新的框架来量化这些动态,揭示了针对性保护策略的关键时间失衡.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 水文学的水文学
- 生态系统服务生态系统服务
背景情况:
- 有效的流域管理对于保持湖泊和水库下游水质至关重要.
- 量化水净化服务 (WPS) 供需不匹配的时空动态带来了重大的方法挑战.
- 现有的框架往往缺乏有效的水质管理所需的通用性.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一个新的框架来量化动态的WPS供需关系.
- 评估上游子流域的WPS供应能力和下游水体的WPS需求.
- 识别和分析WPS供应和需求在一个关键的流域的空间时间不匹配.
主要方法:
- 将长期水质监测数据与水文建模结合起来.
- 使用随机森林算法来量化WPS供需.
- 将框架应用于中国东部的一个饮用水源流域.
主要成果:
- 上游生态系统每年保留大量的总 (TN) 和总 (TP) (平均6.80 × 106公斤TN和2.57 × 106公斤TP).
- 下游水库需要分别减少14.7%和32.4%的TN和TP负载.
- 发现了显著的时间不匹配,其中TN不匹配集中在3月至5月,TP不匹配在7月,3月和6月.
结论:
- 开发的框架有效量化了动态的WPS供需关系和时空差异.
- 为优化WPS供需平衡,建议使用面向空间的保护和面向时间的适应性管理策略.
- 这种方法为有针对性的流域管理提供了关键信息,以改善水质.
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