心理生理学测量对心理工作负载变化的敏感性
Adrian Büchli1, Stefan J Troche1
1Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Switzerland.
概括
这项研究发现闪率和瞳孔膨胀对心理工作负载 (MWL) 变化高度敏感,而皮肤导电水平则不如此. 这些发现有助于理解心理生理学反应,以改善人机交互.
科学领域:
- 人与计算机的交互
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 心理生理学 心理生理学
背景情况:
- 心理工作负载 (MWL) 量化主观心理压力,对于优化机器和系统性能至关重要.
- 尽管进行了数十年的研究,但心理生理学测量对MWL的敏感性仍然没有确定性.
- 准确的MWL测量对于了解任务需求和人机关系中的心理压力至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 重新评估六个心理生理学措施的敏感性,以区分不同程度的MWL.
- 研究增加MWL和生理反应 (如心率,眼率,瞳孔膨胀和皮肤导电性) 之间的关系.
- 为了更清楚地了解哪些心理生理学措施是MWL评估中最可靠的.
主要方法:
- 通过调整的Swaps任务,在74名大学生中诱导了四种不同的MWL水平.
- 记录了六个心理生理学指标:心率 (HR),眼率 (BR),瞳孔膨胀 (PD),皮肤导电反应 (SCR) 和皮肤导电水平 (SCL).
- 主观的MWL使用NASA任务负载指数进行评估,以及客观的措施,如响应时间和准确性.
主要成果:
- MWL操纵是成功的,通过增加的响应时间和随着需求水平的提高而降低的准确性来证明这一点.
- rate (BR) 和瞳孔扩张 (PD) 显示出高灵敏度,与每个MWL水平一致增加.
- 心率 (HR) 和心率变化 (HRV) 显示了灵敏度,但在细粒度差异化方面遇到了困难,尤其是HRV. 皮肤导电性反应 (SCR) 除了在非常高的水平之外是敏感的,而皮肤导电性水平 (SCL) 没有表现出任何敏感性.
结论:
- rate和瞳孔膨胀是有希望的,敏感的指标来评估不同程度的心理工作量.
- 心率和心率变化提供了一些灵敏度,但对于微妙的MWL变化来说不那么精确.
- 皮肤导电水平不是MWL的可靠指标,而SCR在极端需求方面存在局限性,为未来的人机交互的研究和应用提供了信息.
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