在服用第二代抗精神病药物的儿童和青少年中,预测与抗精神病药物相关的体重增加:一种机器学习方法
Ning Lyu1, Ying Lin2, Paul J Rowan3
1University of Houston, College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX, USA.
Journal of psychiatric research
|October 5, 2025
概括
机器学习模型现在可以预测年轻人的抗精神病药物相关体重增加 (AAWG). 这种工具有助于个性化监测和早期干预儿童和青少年的第二代抗精神病药物 (SGA).
科学领域:
- 儿科药理学 儿科药理学
- 计算医学是一种计算医学.
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
背景情况:
- 第二代抗精神病药物 (SGA) 与儿童群体的显著心脏代谢风险有关.
- 与抗精神病药物相关的体重增加 (AAWG) 是一个主要问题,需要积极管理.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种机器学习 (ML) 算法,用于预测儿童和青少年AAWG的实时风险.
- 为了实现AAWG的动态,个性化风险评估.
主要方法:
- 使用了IQVIA门诊EMR-US数据库 (2016年12月至2021年6月) 对以前没有接受过治疗的SGA接受者.
- 使用基线和时间变化的特征训练了四个ML模型 (MLR,CART,MRF,Xgboost).
- 预测BMIz-score的相对变化,分为轻微,中度和严重的AAWG.
主要成果:
- 分析了10,997名儿科患者,其中64%的患者经历了轻微的,10%的中度和26%的严重的AAWG.
- 极端梯度增强 (Xgboost) 和多类随机森林 (MRF) 模型显示出高性能 (AUC ~87%).
- 使用基线和时间变化的数据的模型实现了卓越的预测准确性.
结论:
- 机器学习算法可以准确预测儿科患者个体AAWG风险.
- 这些预测模型为个性化监测和及时干预提供了一条途径.
- 动态风险预测有助于在年轻人中主动管理心脏代谢副作用.
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