表面修饰的纳米塑料促进了抗生素耐药性基因的传播和持久性
Xiaojie Sun1, Xue Chen1, Jie Ming1
1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
Journal of hazardous materials
|October 5, 2025
概括
表面修饰的纳米塑料,如碳素和氨基修饰的聚钢,显著增加了抗生素耐药性基因 (ARG) 的转换. 这通过细胞膜损伤和抑制等离子体降解而发生,突出显示纳米塑料.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 纳米技术 纳米技术
背景情况:
- 塑料污染和抗生素耐药性是全球环境和健康的关键问题.
- 已知微/纳米塑料会加剧抗生素耐药性基因 (ARG) 的传播.
- 表面修饰纳米塑料对ARG转化的具体影响仍然不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究表面修饰的聚烯纳米塑料对ARG转化的影响.
- 阐明纳米塑料影响ARG的潜在机制.
主要方法:
- 通过使用原始和表面修饰的 (碳素,氨基) 聚烯纳米塑料进行了转化实验.
- 在不同纳米塑料度 (10和100毫克/升) 的量化ARG转化频率和效率.
- 分析了纳米塑料诱导的细胞变化,包括细胞膜透性,毛孔形成,反应性氧物种 (ROS) 生产,SOS反应和功能性基因表达.
- 评估了纳米塑料对等离子体酶降解的影响.
主要成果:
- 与原始纳米塑料相比,碳素和氨基基改性纳米塑料显著提高了ARG转换频率和效率.
- 机制涉及细胞膜透性增加,孔隙形成,ROS过度产生,以及随后的SOS反应,由基因表达分析证实.
- 发现纳米塑料可以抑制等离子体的酶降解,可能增加ARG持久性.
结论:
- 纳米塑料的表面修饰可以显著改变它们与细菌的相互作用,并影响ARG的转化.
- 纳米塑料通过直接的细胞损伤和阻碍自然降解途径促进ARG的传播.
- 纳米塑料和ARG在各种环境中的普遍共发生,需要注意它们的综合生态风险.
相关概念视频
Antibiotic Selection
59.4K
Overview
59.4K
Development of Antibiotic Resistance
1.3K
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
1.3K
Plasmids
1.2K
Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA molecules found in bacteria, archaea, and some eukaryotic microbes like yeast. These small, circular DNA structures typically contain fewer than 30 genes, although some may exist linearly. Plasmids vary in their number within a cell, known as copy number. Single-copy plasmids are present in one copy per cell and multi-copy plasmids are present in multiple copies, reaching over 100 copies per cell.Plasmids usually replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA...
1.2K
Transformation
696
Microbial communities are dynamic environments where cell lysis releases free DNA into the surroundings. Other cells can take up this extracellular DNA through a process known as transformation.When a cell incorporates this foreign DNA into its genome, resulting in genetic modification, the process is known as transformation. Cells capable of this process are termed competent. Competence can be natural, as observed in certain bacteria and archaea, or artificially induced in the...
696
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing
518
Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
518
Biofilms
1.1K
Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms encased in a self-produced extracellular polysaccharide matrix attached to surfaces. These microbial consortia can include single or multiple species, providing enhanced survival benefits by forming organized, multilayered structures.The formation of biofilms occurs through four key stages: attachment, colonization, development, and dispersal.During attachment, free-swimming planktonic cells adhere to a surface, often facilitated by...
1.1K


