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工程生物降解尿素酶驱动的纳米电机的胃肠道分布

Helena Almeida¹, Cecília Cristelo², Juliana Viegas²

¹i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.

Acta biomaterialia

|October 5, 2025

概括

研究人员开发了用尿素酶驱动的聚乳-同-甘油酸 (PLGA) 纳米电机,用于口服药物输送. 这些纳米发动机有效地导航了胃肠道,并显示了增强的上皮质定位,克服了粘液屏障.

科学领域:

生物材料科学生物材料科学
纳米技术纳米技术
药物输送系统药物输送系统

背景情况:

口服途径是药物管理的首选途径,但由于胃肠 (GI) 粘液屏障而面临挑战.
现有的策略,如粘合剂和惰性材料,在增强通过粘液的药物运输方面存在局限性.
需要新的纳米载体设计,以有效地穿透肠道粘液层,以改善口服药物输送.

研究的目的:

开发以尿素酶为动力的多-乳糖-糖酸 (PLGA) 纳米电机,以克服胃肠道粘液屏障.
为了研究纳米电机设计的同otropic (随机) 和 anisotropic (局部) 尿酶功能.
评估这些纳米电机在增强药物运输和上皮质局部化中的有效性.

主要方法:

使用皮克林乳液制造尿酶功能化的PLGA纳米电机,用于异型设计.
纳米运动形态,尿酶分布 (冷SEM,免疫电子显微镜) 和大小 (<200 nm) 的表征.
在大鼠中评估尿素转化,扩散增强,体外细胞吸收,体内胃肠道过渡和上皮局部化.

主要成果:

尿素功能化的纳米电机催化了尿素的转化,产生氨和二氧化碳,从而提高了扩散.
同位态纳米发动机表现出比异位态纳米发动机更高的酶活性,而所有纳米发动机都用poloxamer 407.7稳定.
在体内研究表明,纳米运动通过肠道通过增强的上皮质表面积累,无论尿酶的分布.

结论:

以同位素和异位素尿酶为动力的PLGA纳米电机都显示出克服胃肠道障碍的潜力.
这些可生物吸收的纳米系统为有效的口服药物输送工具提供了一个有希望的平台.
开发的纳米发动机证明了在胃肠道内安全和有效的分布.

关键词:

生物障碍物生物障碍物皮克林乳液是皮克林乳液中的一种.催化运输是一种催化运输.粘液是粘液的粘液是粘液的纳米医药是一种纳米医药.纳米发动机的使用方法

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