在2024-2025年期间,分子流行病学,血统进化动力学和中国的II型PRRSV抗原变异分析
Dihua Zhu1,2,3, Guangyu Liu1, Huixin Li1
1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Transboundary and emerging diseases
|October 6, 2025
概括
中国的猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征病毒 (PRRSV) 显示出复杂的血统共存,其中血统1.8占主导地位. 疫苗的快速演变和潜在的疫苗逃脱突显了需要更新的控制策略的需要.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 分子流行病学分子流行病学
- 控制和控制猪病 控制和控制猪病
背景情况:
- 猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征病毒 (PRRSV) 由于其快速演变和抗原变异,对全球猪业构成重大威胁.
- 有效的疾病控制受到病毒的适应能力和各种循环菌株的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 系统地分析中国II型PRRSV的分子流行病学和进化动态.
- 为了确定关键的循环血统,传播模式和遗传多样性.
- 评估疫苗菌株和重组事件的潜在抗原分歧.
主要方法:
- 从中国27个省份的328个临床样本 (2024-2025) 中对ORF5和完整基因组进行测序.
- 遗传学分析,传播动力学,肠内单核酸变体 (iSNV) 分析和重组检测.
- 多维缩放 (MDS) 分析用于抗原分歧评估.
主要成果:
- 五个主要的II型PRRSV系 (1.5,1.8,3,5,8.7) 与之共存,其中1.8系占主导地位 (48.5%).
- 观察到高遗传多样性,其中5系显示核酸多样性的快速增加 (106.6%).
- 对5号和8.7号血统的Tajima D值显著负值表明人口扩张.
- 在流通的菌株和疫苗之间发现了潜在的抗原分歧.
- 检测到复杂的重组模式,特别是在ORF2-ORF3区域.
结论:
- 在中国的PRRSV表现出复杂的进化动态和显著的遗传多样性.
- 主要的菌株表现出快速适应和疫苗逃脱的潜力.
- 识别传输节点和重组热点有助于制定有针对性的控制策略.
- 研究结果支持优化猪业的疫苗设计和疾病管理.
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