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相关概念视频

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

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Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
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Language and Cognition

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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

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Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
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Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

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Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
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Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

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Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
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Language Development01:22

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
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大脑结构与外语学习经验的相关性.

Xiaoqiao Wang1, Jae-Yoon Kim2, Jun-Ho Kim2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Frontiers in human neuroscience
|October 6, 2025
PubMed
概括

学习一门新语言,即使是有限的接触,也会重塑大脑. 较早的获取和一致的使用与增加的灰质体积和改善的白质完整性相关,在关键的语言和执行功能领域.

关键词:
外国语言的学习学习学习.灰色物质的体积,灰色物质的体积.神经成像是一种神经成像.结构性核磁共振成像 (MRI)白质的完整性 白质的完整性

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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS of Wernicke's and Broca's Areas in Studies of Language Learning and Word Acquisition
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Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping
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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 认知科学 认知科学
  • 语言学的语言学.

背景情况:

  • 双语诱导大脑结构的变化.
  • 关于长期学习外语的人的神经可塑性的研究有限.
  • 除了自然双语之外,了解神经可塑性至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 研究学习年龄,熟练程度和日常使用如何影响外语学习者的大脑结构.
  • 检查灰质的体积和白质的完整性.
  • 探索非母语语言学习中的神经可塑性.

主要方法:

  • 在韩国研究了32名年轻成年外语学习者.
  • 在灰色物质分析中使用基于声素的形态测量 (VBM).
  • 采用基于路径的空间统计 (TBSS) 来检测白质完整性.

主要成果:

  • 早些时候的外语学习与左下顶叶叶和左丘脑中较大的灰质体积有关.
  • 较高的每日使用量与右下叶体积增加有关,但右前带状皮质体积减少.
  • 较早的获取与较好的白质完整性相关,在体的脏中;较高的每日使用与体体体内更好的完整性有关.

结论:

  • 持续接触外语,即使是有限的,也会导致大脑的结构性适应.
  • 这些发现扩大了对语言相关神经可塑性的理解.
  • 大脑结构在响应非母语语言学习时是可塑的.