在阿尔茨海默病中以人工智能驱动的多omics方法:进展,挑战和未来的方向
Fang Ren1,2, Jing Wei3, Qingxin Chen3
1Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing 400021, China.
Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B
|October 6, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 和多omics正在通过整合复杂的数据来早期诊断和生物标志物发现来彻底改变阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 研究. 这些先进的方法为了解和治疗这种神经退行性疾病提供了新的希望.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是一种进展性神经退行性疾病,有效治疗方法有限.
- 它的多因素性 (遗传,环境,生物) 复杂化了研究和临床管理.
- 人工智能和多组学为了解AD的分子基础提供了新的途径.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查人工智能驱动的阿尔茨海默病多omics研究的最新进展.
- 突出早期诊断和生物标志物发现方面的成就.
- 讨论临床翻译的局限性和未来方向.
主要方法:
- 使用人工智能集成大规模的多omics数据集 (基因组,转录组,蛋白质组,代谢组,微生物组).
- 机器学习,深度学习和基于网络的模型的应用.
- 使用诸如深度信念网络和联合深度半非负矩阵因子化等方法进行分类和分层.
主要成果:
- 由人工智能驱动的多omics方法促进了在AD中发现新的分子特征和潜在的治疗点.
- 疾病分类和患者分层的改善已被观察到.
- 在识别早期诊断和预后生物标志物方面取得了重大进展.
结论:
- 由人工智能驱动的多omics集成对推进阿尔茨海默病研究和临床实践具有重大前景.
- 克服数据异质性,模型解释性和数据标准化等挑战对于未来的进步至关重要.
- 进一步的临床验证对于将这些研究结果转化为有效的患者护理至关重要.
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