对非常早产的黑人儿童进行测试,以检查在双语测试中潜在的评估偏差
Lauren Prather1,2, Nancy Creaghead1, Jennifer Vannest1,2,3
1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.
Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groups
|October 6, 2025
概括
这项研究发现,黑人和白人早产儿之间的语音和语言测试成绩没有显著差异,这表明目前的评估可能对这个人群在文化上是公正的. 需要进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语音语言病理学 语音语言病理学
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
背景情况:
- 语音和语言评估对于识别高风险人群的发展问题至关重要.
- 过早出生的儿童是面临言语和语言延迟风险的关键人口群体.
- 现有的评估可能包含文化偏见,影响对黑人儿童的准确评估.
研究的目的:
- 调查沟通和象征性行为量表 (CSBS) 和麦克阿瑟·贝茨沟通库存 (CDI) 中的潜在文化偏见.
- 与白人儿童相比,检查三岁以下黑人儿童在这些语音和语言评估中的表现.
主要方法:
- 利用了NICU毕业生研究早期发展 (EDeN) 的数据.
- 包括54名非常早产 (VPT) 婴儿 (18名黑人,36名白人).
- 使用t测试和混合模型比较黑人和白人儿童之间的CSBS集群分数和CDI:Words and Gestures (WG) 分数;斯皮尔曼相关性分析了分数关系.
主要成果:
- 在黑人和白人儿童的CSBS分数之间没有发现显著差异.
- 根据家长报告,在种族群体之间的CDI:WG总得分中没有发现显著差异.
- 在整个组中,CSBS和CDI:WG手势子测试之间存在较弱的相关性,而在黑人儿童中则存在中度相关性.
结论:
- 该研究发现,黑人和白人VPT儿童之间的CSBS和CDI:WG分数没有显著差异,这表明这些工具对这个队列可能缺乏文化偏见.
- 手势子测试得分之间的相关性表明临床观察 (CSBS) 和家长报告 (CDI:WG) 之间的一致性.
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