牙年龄估计中的人工智能 - - 应用,技术进步和法律方面:叙述性综述
Abhinav Chopra1, Anand Gupta1, Naveen Aggarwal2
1Department of Dentistry, Govt. Medical College and Hospital, Sector-32, Chandigarh, India.
Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research
|October 6, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 比传统方法显著提高了牙年龄估计的准确性. 人工智能模型提供客观,快速和可重现的结果,但需要多样化的数据和标准化的验证,以便在法医和临床环境中广泛使用.
科学领域:
- 法医牙科 法医牙科
- 儿科牙科 儿科牙科
- 医学法律调查 医学法律调查
背景情况:
- 牙科年龄估计在法医牙科,儿科牙科和医疗法律环境中至关重要.
- 传统的放射学方法面临着诸如主观性,人口特异性校准和可扩展性等局限性.
- 这篇评论探讨了人工智能 (AI) 驱动的牙科年龄估计,重点是深度学习.
研究的目的:
- 审查人工智能驱动的牙科年龄估计的现状.
- 将AI与传统方法进行比较.
- 评估AI在临床,法医和法律领域的适用性.
主要方法:
- 用机器学习 (ML) 和卷积神经网络 (CNN) 来估计牙年龄的研究的文献搜索.
- 数据来源包括全景放射和形束计算断层扫描 (CBCT).
- 强调模型架构,平均绝对误差 (MAE),分类准确性和外部验证.
主要成果:
- 人工智能模型,特别是CNN模型,在MAE从0.03到0.7年之间表现出卓越的性能,在法律门上准确度>90%.
- 人工智能系统自动检测,细分和分期牙,提供快速,客观和可重复的输出.
- 局限性包括算法不透明,人口偏见和缺乏国际验证标准.
结论:
- 人工智能代表了牙科年龄估计的范式转变,提高了精度和效率.
- 未来的工作必须侧重于多样化的培训数据集,透明的算法和临床和法医采用的监管框架.
- 标准化验证和多样化的数据集是人工智能在牙科年龄评估中可靠应用的关键.
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