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印度Sundarbans的淡水水产养殖:扩张,挑战和气候变化适应

Avirup Ranjan Bar¹, Rahi Soren¹, Ismail Mondal²

¹School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.

Environmental monitoring and assessment

|October 6, 2025

概括

自1985年以来,印度Sundarbans的淡水水产养殖业已经扩大了96.9%,主要是由于农业面临的挑战. 可持续的规划对于这一重要的沿海生计至关重要.

科学领域:

水产养殖和渔业科学水产养殖和渔业
环境科学和遥感技术
管理沿海生态系统的管理.

背景情况:

由于土壤盐化和不稳定的降雨,印度桑达尔班斯的农业可行性下降.
对鱼类蛋白质的需求不断增加,刺激了淡水水产养殖的增长.
四十年来,农业面临的挑战需要水产养殖等替代生计.

研究的目的:

评估1985年至2024年淡水水产养殖的空间和时间扩张.
评估这种水产养殖扩张对生产成果和生计的影响.
确定在Sundarbans可持续水产养殖的挑战和机会.

主要方法:

集成遥感数据 (Landsat和Sentinel-2图像) 用于土地使用分类.
对卫星图像应用的监督和无监督分类技术.
对350个养鱼户进行了现场调查,以获取社会经济数据.

主要成果:

在1985年至2024年期间,水产养殖面积增加了96.9% (80.54平方公里至860.96平方公里).
小规模池占主导地位 (82.12%),家庭平均产量为87公斤,年收入为13,918.8卢比.
种植的主要物种是Labeo rohita和Labeo catla,平均生产率为120公斤/公/年.

结论:

淡水水产养殖在印度的Sundarbans显著扩大,特别是在Pathar Pratima,Gosaba和Basanti区块.
主要挑战包括种子/料短缺,盐度入侵和基础设施缺口,影响可持续性.
战略生态规划和政策支持对于气候适应性水产养殖发展至关重要.

关键词:

面临的挑战挑战十年来的扩张.淡水水产养殖淡水水产养殖季节性生产季节性生产小规模的池小规模的池桑达尔班斯 (Sundarbans) 是一个美丽的山脉.

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