在新生儿重症监护病房的护士工作量和错过的护理服务
Heather L Tubbs-Cooley1, Adam C Carle2, Barbara A Mark3
1Martha S. Pitzer Center for Women, Children, and Youth, The Ohio State University College of Nursing, Columbus.
JAMA pediatrics
|October 6, 2025
概括
在新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 中,高的主观护士工作量和超过每名护士2名婴儿的员工比例与错过护理的增加有关. 减少工作量对于改善患者安全和治疗结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 新生儿重症监护护理 新生儿重症监护护理
- 医疗保健的质量和安全
- 护理工作负载管理管理
背景情况:
- 新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 的高护士工作量是一个重大问题,可能导致患者不良结果和护理质量受损.
- 了解客观和主观工作量衡量的具体影响对于开发有效干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查客观 (人员比例,婴儿敏度) 和主观 (感知工作量) 护士工作量对新生儿重症监护室缺失护理护理的发生的影响.
- 确定特定的工作负载门,增加基本护理任务被遗漏的可能性.
主要方法:
- 一项前性,观察性,纵向性研究,涉及2年时间 (2021年4月至2023年5月) 的10个NICU的247名注册护士.
- 护士工作量被评估每班使用客观措施 (婴儿与护士的比例,婴儿敏度得分) 和主观措施 (NASA任务负载指数).
- 遗漏的护理被通过护士自我报告的17个新生儿护理遗漏的基本护理遗漏量化.
主要成果:
- 护士与婴儿的员工比例为1:3与17项基本护理任务中的9项缺失护理的增加有关.
- 在所有17种任务类型中,更高的主观工作负载评级始终与错过护理的增加相关.
- 婴儿敏度得分显示,临床上对遗漏的护理护理的影响很小.
结论:
- 主观护士工作量和轮班级员工比例都会对新生儿重症监护室提供可靠的护理服务产生重大影响.
- 应优先考虑对高主观工作量和超过1:2的员工比例的有针对性的减少,以提高NICU设置中的护理质量和患者安全.
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