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种群遗传学表明,虫 (Hemiptera:Aphididae) 在区域范围内受到夏季宿主植物分布的限制

Dion Garrett^1,2, Graham Teakle², Rosemary Collier²

¹Rothamsted Insect Survey, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, UK.

Journal of insect science (Online)

|October 6, 2025

概括

菜虫,Nasonovia ribisnigri,在英格兰显示出明显的东西人口分裂,与菜种植有关. 尽管面临挑战,种群仍然稳定,影响害虫管理策略.

科学领域:

* 昆虫学昆虫学
* 人口遗传学
* 农业科学农业科学

背景情况:

* Nasonovia ribisnigri (Mosley) 是一个重要的虫害虫,影响户外生菜作物.
*由于无法预测的殖民和抵抗崩,存在有限的有效控制方法.
* 这种虫在英格兰的种群结构以前是未知的.

研究的目的:

* 调查英格兰Nasonovia ribisnigri的空间和时间人口结构.
* 评估宿主植物选择,耐药性和环境变化的对虫种群的影响.
*为这个重要的农业害虫提供未来的害虫管理策略的信息.

主要方法:

*设计和使用了微卫星标记器.
* 2003年至2020年间,从英格兰10个地点采集了生物样本.
* 在采集的样本上进行了8个微卫星的分析.

主要成果:

*确定了明显的东西人口划分,与生菜种植面积相关.
*基因流分析表明,从西方迁移到东部地区,可能来自冬季宿主.
* 尽管宿主植物耐药性下降和环境变化,虫种群表现出稳定性.
* 观察到高水平的内生繁殖,种群大多是全周期性的.

结论:

* Nasonovia ribisnigri的迁徙行为受到其主要夏季宿主 - - 菜的强烈影响.
* 尽管有长途迁移的潜力,但人口仍然在地理上结构化.
*鉴定的种群结构和稳定性为开发有效的害虫防治策略提供了洞察力.
* 了解这些动态对于管理菜作物抵御虫侵袭至关重要.

关键词:

星座科 (Asteraceae) 是一个植物.胡卜 - - 胡卜 - - 胡卜 - - 胡卜 - - 胡卜宿主植物的范围包括宿主植物.移民移民迁移迁移人口结构人口结构.

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Gene Flow

Gene Flow

Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.

Frequency-dependent Selection

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.

Genetic Drift

Genetic Drift

Natural selection—probably the most well-known evolutionary mechanism—increases the prevalence of traits that enhance survival and reproduction. However, evolution does not merely propagate favorable traits, nor does it always benefit populations.

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).