自闭症的大型语言模型:在游戏化环境中评估心理理论任务
Christian Poglitsch1, Anna Reiss2,3, Selina C Wriessnegger3
1Institute of Human-Centred Computing, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria. christian.poglitsch@tugraz.at.
Scientific reports
|October 6, 2025
概括
大型语言模型 (LLM) 对自闭症谱系障碍患者的社会技能培训有前途. 在评估思维理论任务时,GPT-4o的表现与人类专家相美,提供了可访问的虚拟实践.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 显著影响社会沟通,在解释社会线索和情绪方面提出了挑战.
- 传统的人工智能模型往往缺乏透明度,引发了人们对其在自闭症患者的社会技能培训中使用的担忧.
- 开发可访问和引人入胜的工具对于提高ASD的社会能力至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较大型语言模型 (LLM) 和人类专家在评估思维理论 (ToM) 任务中的表现.
- 评估交互式游戏的潜力,利用LLMs,用于自闭症个体的社会技能发展.
- 调查社会认知评估中LLMs的可解释性和准确性.
主要方法:
- 使用游戏化和以用户为中心的设计,开发了一款旨在促进社会理解的互动游戏.
- 21名参与者参与了游戏,他们的反应由四名人类专家和GPT-4o评估.
- 对LLM和人类专家在ToM任务评估中的表现进行了比较分析.
主要成果:
- 在评估思想理论任务时,GPT-4o的表现与人类专家相美.
- 在遵守标准和准确性方面,在GPT-4o和人类专家之间没有发现统计学上显著的差异.
- 现实中,LLM显示出在可扩展,可访问的社会培训系统中使用的潜力.
结论:
- 像GPT-4o一样,LLM可以有效地支持ASD患者的社会培训.
- 该研究强调了透明人工智能在增强社会理解和沟通方面的潜力.
- 对可解释的人工智能的进一步研究是安全有效的虚拟社会学习环境的必要条件.
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