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使用机器学习和SHAP来识别生物机械风险因素,在低温运行时增加阿基里斯肌的压力

Zeyi Zhang^1,2, Ting Fan³, Wu Jin^1,2

¹Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, CHINA.

Medicine and science in sports and exercise

|October 7, 2025

概括

由于特定的生物力学因素,在寒冷的天气中跑步会增加阿基里斯的压力. limited ankle dorsiflexion和过度的力量是关键的风险,特别是在最初的运行阶段,突出需要有针对性的训练.

科学领域:

生物力学生物力学
运动医学运动医学
机器学习机器学习

背景情况:

阿基里斯肌损伤在跑步者中很常见,特别是在寒冷的环境中.
在低温下导致阿基里斯肌应力增加的生物力学因素尚未完全理解.
休跑步者容易受到这些伤害,需要有效的预防策略.

研究的目的:

确定关键的运行生物力学因素,有助于在寒冷条件下对阿基里斯产生压力.
为了发现这些因素,利用机器学习和SHAP (Shapley添加式扩展) 来发现这些因素.
为暴露于低温的休跑步者提供关于预防受伤的见解.

主要方法:

评估126名休跑步者在寒冷天气跑步时的干和下肢生物力学.
使用OpenSim建模和超声波量化阿基里斯肌应力.
使用SHAP的机器学习模型 (XGBoost,RF,SVR) 来确定有影响力的生物力学变量.

主要成果:

XGBoost-SHAP确定了阿基里斯肌压力的关键因素.
跑步开始阶段:有限的脚背部屈曲 (<12.449°),高的前部地面反应力 (>7.143 N/kg) 和过度的 contralateral 骨盆 (>10.998°) 与增加的压力有关.
稳定状态阶段:关键因素是脚背部屈曲有限 (<11.816°),脚逆转瞬间高 (>0.187 N·m/kg),脚逆转角度过高 (>2.482°).

结论:

低温通过特定的生物力学变化提高了阿基里斯的应力.
脚背部屈曲有限,前部地面反应力过大,骨盆 (起步阶段) 是显著的危险因素.
减少脚背部屈曲,增加脚反转时刻和角度 (平稳状态) 也会增加肌负荷,建议针对性地修改步态以预防伤害.

关键词:

艾希尔斯倾向于受伤低温的环境低温的环境机器学习机器学习运行中的生物力学.这就是 SHAP SHAP 的意思.

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