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毛里求斯的牛贝显示了灭绝的捕食者的证据
Justin Gerlach1, F B Vincent Florens2, Owen L Griffiths3
1Peterhouse, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom.
PeerJ
|October 7, 2025
概括
来自毛里求斯的化石陆地牛贝揭示了古代的掠夺行为. 对洞穴的分析表明,已灭绝的红铁路 (Aphanapteryx bonasia) 和一个未知的已灭绝的鼠类牛的掠食.
科学领域:
- 古生物学的古生物学
- 马拉科学是 Malacology 的一个学科.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 来自毛里求斯的几个Tropidophora陆地牛物种的化石贝,可追溯到公元前1426年~公元1090年,早于人类的发现和定居.
- 这些古老的贝表现出特有的掠食者洞,表明在人类显著冲击之前与掠食者相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查从毛里求斯发现的化石Tropidophora牛上发现的掠食洞的性质和原因.
- 为了识别导致这些贝损伤的灭绝的捕食者.
主要方法:
- 在化石牛上对掠食性洞形态的比较分析.
- 贝损伤与潜在的无脊椎动物和脊椎动物捕食者的已知钻孔机制的比较.
- 检查外微观结构和相关特征,如沟和沟.
主要成果:
- 确定了两种类型的掠夺性洞:T. carinata上的大,不规则的洞,T. ligata,T. icterica和T. michaudi上的较小,规则的圆形洞.
- 不规则的洞很可能是由灭绝的红轨 (Aphanapteryx bonasia) 造成的.
- 以前没有报道的圆形孔非常类似于已灭绝的鼠类牛所造成的损害,这表明了新的已灭绝的捕食者与猎物的相互作用.
结论:
- 这项研究确定了毛里求斯岛上Tropidophora牛的两个明显的灭绝的捕食者:红轨和一个未知的rathouisiid.
- 这些发现突出了已灭绝的捕食者相互作用,为毛里求斯在人类殖民之前的古生态提供了洞察力.
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