在怀孕期间对母亲的饮食模式和后代过敏的系统审查
William Tan1, Shriya Amara2, Manzi Venter3
1University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
概括
怀孕期间母亲的饮食多样性可以防止食物过敏. 促炎症饮食与儿童早期喘风险增加有关. 需要对母亲的饮食指数和过敏结果进行进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 儿科过敏 儿科过敏
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 怀孕期间母亲的饮食越来越被认为是影响儿童过敏发展的因素.
- 现有的研究往往侧重于特定的营养素或食物,需要对饮食模式进行更广泛的检查.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析关于孕期母亲的整体饮食摄入量与儿童过敏结果之间的关联的证据.
- 综合各种母亲饮食模式,指数和与后代过敏状况有关的多样性的数据.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,Ovid Medline,Web of Science,Embase) 进行系统文献搜索,截至2024年11月28日.
- 使用ROBINS-I Cochrane工具进行偏差风险评估.
- 对可比饮食模式-结果-年龄组合的元分析,采用固定或随机效应模型和对集群数据的多层元分析.
主要成果:
- 怀孕期间母亲的饮食多样性显示出与食物过敏的适度保护性关联 (OR=0.95,95% CI 0.92-0.99).
- 促炎症的孕产妇饮食与5岁以下儿童喘/喘息风险增加有关 (OR=1.17,95% CI 1.04-1.33和OR=1.18,95% CI 1.04-1.34),具有很高的异质性.
- 孕产妇饮食指数是唯一与多种过敏结果有显著联系的指数.
结论:
- 有证据表明,母亲的饮食多样性对儿童食物过敏起着保护作用.
- 促炎症的孕产妇饮食可能会增加儿童早期喘的风险.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明特定的母亲饮食指数对各种过敏结果的影响.
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