在结核病多年后,艾滋病毒感染者的血细胞树突细胞增加和炎症持续存在
Maureen Ward1, Paul Zumbo2, Yvetot Joseph3
1Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA.
The Journal of infectious diseases
|October 7, 2025
概括
在结核病治愈多年后,艾滋病毒感染者和结核病 (TB) 史患者表现出持续的免疫系统变化,包括炎症增加和特定的免疫细胞变化. 这些免疫缺陷可能解释了这个人群中更糟糕的健康结果.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究研究
背景情况:
- 患有艾滋病毒和结核病 (结核病) 的个人经历较差的健康结果,包括较高的死亡率和复发性结核病.
- 持续的全球免疫缺陷被假设为这些不良结果做出贡献.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 具有结核病史的人的持续性免疫系统改变.
- 在PLWH中识别与先前的结核病感染相关的特定免疫细胞和细胞因子变化.
主要方法:
- 通过测序 (FLEX-CITE-Seq) 对来自PLWH的外周血液单核细胞 (PBMC) 的转录组和上皮细胞的FLEX细胞索引利用了结核病史和没有结核病史.
- 在扩大队列中使用流细胞测量来确定树突细胞亚型,并量化血细胞因子,以验证FLEX-CITE-Seq的发现.
主要成果:
- 多种细胞类型中的差异性基因表达揭示了TNF介导途径的过度代表性.
- 具有结核病史的PLWH表现出更高的血细胞状树突细胞百分比.
- 在具有结核病史的PLWH中观察到IL-6,IL-12p70,IL-15,IL-2,IFN-alpha和TNF的血水平升高.
结论:
- 在结核病治愈后很长一段时间内,PLWH中持续存在一种促炎环境和TNF介导的免疫细胞基因表达变化.
- 这项研究强调了潜在的免疫调节障碍,导致结核病病史的PLWH患者的不良结果.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定这些免疫差异是否是先前存在的风险因素,或者是在艾滋病毒和结核病感染期间发展的.
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