鱼类垂体直接响应白天的长度,并驱动季节性
Stephen D McCormick1, Daniel J Hall1, Marty Kwok Shing Wong2
1Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
Proceedings. Biological sciences
|October 7, 2025
概括
鱼类的季节性时间由光直接刺激垂体腺体来调节. 这个过程涉及甲状腺刺激激素 (TSH),并影响迁移的关键生理变化.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 比较生理学比较生理学
- 鱼类生物学 鱼类生物学
背景情况:
- 季节性时间对于生命历史事件至关重要,日长是关键提示.
- 鸟类和哺乳动物的光周期性季节性涉及垂体,神代酶和甲状腺激素.
- 鱼类中的光周期信号通路仍然不太了解.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究大西洋类鱼的光周期信号传递机制.
- 为了确定鱼类是否使用与鸟类和哺乳动物类似的光周期驱动的季节性机制.
主要方法:
- 在大西洋鱼中操纵了白天和周年光周期周期.
- 测量了 pituitary *tshβb* 和大脑 *dio2b* 的转录.
- 评估三甲状腺素 (T3) 水平和生长激素 (GH) 血水平.
- 研究下垂体对光的反应 *in vitro* 和非视觉视觉的存在.
主要成果:
- 长日光周期可以调节下垂体*tshβb*和大脑*dio2b*的转录.
- 增加白天长度导致大脑T3水平升高和血GH升高.
- 下垂体直接通过增加*tshβb*转录来响应日长的增加.
- pituitary 中存在非视觉的 opsins, 暗示直接光线检测.
结论:
- 鱼类的光周期驱动的季节性是由下垂体的直接光刺激介导的.
- 这一发现扩大了已知的脊椎动物光周期反应机制.
- 确定了一种用于鱼类季节性调节的新途径,涉及直接的垂体垂体光传感.
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