本土罗塔病毒疫苗Rotavac在2016-2020年期间在印度普遍免疫计划中的影响

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Updated: Jan 15, 2026

Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus

Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus

Published on: January 28, 2019

Nayana P Nair¹, Samarasimha N Reddy², Sidhartha Giri¹

¹The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.

Nature medicine

|October 7, 2025

概括

印度的Rotavac疫苗在现实条件下对严重的轮状病毒胃肠炎有54%的有效性. 口服疫苗显著减少了轮状病毒住院,证明了其在公共卫生计划中的价值.

科学领域:

疫苗学疫苗学疫苗学
儿童传染病儿童传染病
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

罗塔病毒是全球婴儿严重胃肠炎的主要原因.
罗塔病毒疫苗在低收入和中等收入国家表现出不同的有效性.
印度在2016年推出了Rotavac,这是一种本土的口服轮状病毒疫苗.

研究的目的:

评估在印度常规免疫条件下Rotavac的实际有效性和影响.
评估罗塔瓦克在不同地理环境和时间上的表现.

主要方法:

从2016年到2020年,印度9个州的31家医院进行了一项测试阴性病例控制研究.
招募了24624名儿童进行监测,其中8372名儿童有资格进行有效性分析.
在接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的儿童中,比较轮状病毒阳性病例与轮状病毒阴性对照.

主要成果:

针对严重轮状病毒胃肠炎的3剂Rotavac的调整后疫苗疗效为54% (95%CI为45%至62%).
基因型特定的有效性有所不同,对G3P[8] (51%),G1P[8] (81%) 和G1P[6] (64%) 有显著的保护.
接种疫苗后,住院儿童中的罗塔病毒阳性从40%降至20%.

结论:

罗塔瓦克在印度对严重的轮状病毒疾病提供了实质性的现实世界保护.
该疫苗在类似的环境中显示出与国际轮状病毒疫苗相似的有效性.
这些发现支持印度普遍免疫计划中Rotavac的持续使用和公共卫生影响.

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