在两种土豆品种中,Trichoderma harzianum和Bacillus subtilis对Phytophthora infestans的生物控制潜力
R H Tirado-Malaver1, R Tirado-Lara2, F Fernández-Herrera1
1Universidad Nacional José Faustino Sánchez Carrión, Facultad Ingeniería Agrarias, Industria Alimentarias y Ambientales, Lima, Perú.
Brazilian journal of biology = Revista brasleira de biologia
|October 8, 2025
概括
生物制剂Trichoderma harzianum和Bacillus subtilis有效控制了土豆中的植物虫. 这种可持续的战略显著提高了改良的土豆品种的产量和生长,为化学杀菌剂提供了有希望的替代品.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 马 (Solanum tuberosum) 是全球重要的作物,容易受到Phytophthora infestans (晚期虫) 的重大产量损失.
- 对P. infestans的常规化学杀菌剂的使用加快了病原体的耐药性,并引起了环境问题.
- 生物控制剂为控制土豆疾病提供了一个可持续的替代方案.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估Trichoderma harzianum和Bacillus subtilis对Phytophthora infestans的生物控制疗效.
- 评估这些生物制剂对秘鲁高地商业和改进的土豆品种的影响.
- 确定一个可持续的策略,用于马晚期病害管理.
主要方法:
- 在两个季节 (2022-2023,2023-2024) 进行的实地试验使用了2x2x2的因数设计.
- 测试了两种土豆品种:商用 (Yungay) 和改良 (CIP 302295.32).
- 应用Trichoderma harzianum (土壤) 和Bacillus subtilis (叶状) 在1公斤/ha-1,与未经处理的对照组.
主要成果:
- 对品种CIP 302295.32的T. harzianum和B. subtilis的联合应用使P. infestans的严重程度降低了80%以上.
- 这种组合显著提高了植物的高度 (高达60.34%),商业茎数量 (高达88.89%) 和商业重量 (高达90.11%).
- 商业收益率比两季的控制结果增加了85%以上.
结论:
- 土壤应用的T. harzianum和叶子应用的B. subtilis的协同应用显示出对P. infestans.具有强大的对抗作用.
- 改进的土豆品种CIP 302295.32对生物控制治疗的反应得到了增强.
- 这种综合方法提供了一种可持续和有效的方法来控制土豆晚期病并提高作物生产率.
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