Prokaryotic 病毒解蛋白的多样性和演变
Ting Yang1,2, Mujie Zhang1,2, Yi Yi1
1State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Development Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
The ISME journal
|October 8, 2025
概括
病毒的性蛋白质是多样化的,并因病毒基因组大小和宿主而有所不同. 这些对细胞溶解至关重要的蛋白质,尽管有序列变化,但结构性保存,表明适应性和生物技术潜力.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 流感蛋白对于病毒复制至关重要,调解细胞溶解并影响生态系统动态.
- 对于原生细胞病毒的性蛋白质的宏观进化模式的理解仍然有限.
研究的目的:
- 研究 prokaryotic 病毒中的 lytic 蛋白质的多样性,分布和进化驱动因素.
- 探索蛋白成分与病毒特征 (如基因组大小,宿主和生活方式) 之间的关系.
- 评估病毒溶解蛋白的生物技术潜力.
主要方法:
- 构建 Prokaryotic DNA 病毒 Lytic 蛋白质数据集.
- 分析解蛋白的序列和结构变异.
- 遗传学分析以确定共同进化和水平基因转移.
- 在DNA和RNA病毒中对光蛋白进行比较分析.
主要成果:
- 性蛋白系统与病毒基因组大小,宿主细胞壁结构和生活方式有关,反映了生态适应.
- 病毒溶性蛋白显示广泛的序列变异,但保留结构,表明对结构的强有力的选择性压力.
- 在菌体和细菌之间观察到Endolysin和Holin基因的显著共同进化和水平基因转移.
- 病毒性性蛋白很可能起源于细菌来源,具有不同功能类型的多个独立来源.
结论:
- 病毒溶解蛋白的多样性和进化动态是由宿主相互作用和生态因素塑造的.
- 性蛋白质的结构保护表明它们适应了特定的细胞外结构.
- 病毒性性蛋白质代表了开发新型抗菌素对抗耐药性病原体的有希望的资源.
相关概念视频
01:29Viruses of Archaea
459
Archaeal viruses play a crucial role in the ecosystems of extremophilic archaea, particularly those belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. By shaping host evolution and facilitating gene transfer, these viruses influence microbial communities and contribute to genetic diversity in extreme environments. The archaea they infect thrive in acidic hot springs and hydrothermal vents characterized by high temperatures and low pH. Archaeal viruses exhibit remarkable structural...
459
01:26Size and Structure of Viral Genomes
682
Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
682
01:30Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages
77.4K
Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
77.4K
01:16Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle
1.3K
The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects...
1.3K
01:20Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle
1.2K
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
1.2K
00:56Viral Structure
73.8K
Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
73.8K