态度的重要性是否会缓和第一人称语言的影响? 一份注册的报告
1Department of Security and Crime Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
PloS one
|October 8, 2025
概括
人为第一的语言对不同群体的社会态度产生不同的影响. 对于"身体残疾的人",它减少了积极的刻板印象,而对于"犯下暴力犯罪的人",它减少了负面影响和刻板印象.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 集团间关系 集团间关系
- 语言和社会认知
背景情况:
- 人第一语言 (PFL) 理论上是为了减少偏见,增强对边缘化群体的支持.
- 以前的研究表明,PFL的好处可能不是普遍的,可能取决于先前存在的态度.
- PFL对污名化群体的影响,比如那些身体残疾或犯下暴力犯罪的人,需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 测试PFL在减少污名化方面的好处是否因对目标群体的负面态度的重要性而受到缓和.
- 检查PFL对刻板印象,非人化,影响和对身体残疾人和犯了暴力犯罪的人的态度的差异性影响.
- 调查态度的重要性是否影响不同社会外围群体PFL的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一个双因子在线实验 (2个目标组×2个描述符) 与一个对照组在一般人口样本 (N=522) 上进行.
- 参与者接触到使用PFL (例如"身体残疾人") 或身份优先语言 (例如"身体残疾人") 的描述.
- 这些措施包括刻板印象,非人性化,负面影响,以及对目标外部群体的接近意图.
主要成果:
- 对暴力犯罪的态度被评为比对身体残疾的态度更重要;与预测相反,对身体残疾的态度是非常积极的.
- 接触PFL ("身体残疾人") 减少了积极的刻板印象,增加了非人性化,但对负面的刻板印象或影响没有影响.
- 接触PFL ("犯下暴力犯罪的人") 减少了负面影响和刻板印象,增加了接近的意图,但没有影响积极的刻板印象或非人道化.
结论:
- PFL的影响不能在各个社会群体中普遍化,并且可能产生意想不到的负面后果,例如对某些群体的非人道化程度增加.
- 在减轻负面态度和偏见方面,PFL的有效性因特定的外部群体和所使用语言的性质而异.
- 态度的重要性并没有显著缓解PFL的影响,这表明其他因素,如感知属性可变性,可能是更重要的调节因素.
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