学校准备作为注意力缺陷多动症障碍的信号:基于人口的队列研究突出了结构性不平等
Matthew Warburton1, Blandine French2, Evie Shore3,4
1School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK pscmwa@leeds.ac.uk.
Archives of disease in childhood
|October 8, 2025
概括
性别和种族等社会人口统计因素会影响注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 诊断. 学校准备评估可以帮助识别需要ADHD支持的儿童,促进平等获得诊断和护理.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
- 公共卫生和流行病学
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷多动性障碍 (ADHD) 是一种流行的神经发育障碍.
- 现有研究表明,在ADHD诊断中存在潜在的社会人口学差异.
- 早期发现ADHD对于及时干预和支持至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查英国人口中ADHD诊断的社会人口差异.
- 评估通用"学校准备"评估在确定与ADHD相关的教育需求时的有用性.
- 探索学校准备指标如何为ADHD支持提供公平途径.
主要方法:
- 一项基于人口的队列研究,利用英国布拉德福德的相关教育和健康记录.
- 包括125,330名完成第一年义务教育 (4-5岁) 的儿童.
- 从早期基础阶段资料和从初级医疗记录中诊断出ADHD的"良好发育水平"的分析,控制共变量.
主要成果:
- 在性别和种族之间观察到ADHD诊断的显著差异.
- 与女性和南亚遗产的男性相比,男性和白人英国人的ADHD诊断率更高.
- 没有达到"良好发育水平"门的儿童更有可能被诊断为ADHD (OR=0.42).
结论:
- 在ADHD诊断中存在结构性不平等,特别是在性别和种族方面.
- 通用学校准备性评估可以作为与ADHD相关的教育需求的指标.
- 这些评估可能有助于更公平地识别和支持ADHD儿童的途径.
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