饮食中的胆固醇摄入量和蛋消费与中风后全因和心血管死亡率相关
Lingfan Xia1, Tong Xu2, Zhenxiang Zhan3
1Department of Neurology, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China. sail720317@126.com.
Scientific reports
|October 8, 2025
概括
较高的饮食胆固醇摄入量和过度的蛋消费增加了中风幸存者的死亡风险. 适度的蛋摄入量 (≤1个蛋/天) 似乎是安全的,而较大的胆固醇摄入量线性地增加了风险.
科学领域:
- 心血管科学 心血管科学
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 关于饮食中的胆固醇和蛋消费对一般人口死亡率的影响,有不确定的发现.
- 卒中幸存者代表了一个易受伤害的群体,这些饮食关联需要进行具体的调查.
研究的目的:
- 评估饮食中胆固醇摄入量和蛋消费与全因和心血管死亡率在美国中风幸存者队列之间的关系.
- 探索潜在的剂量反应关系,并确定具有高风险的子组.
主要方法:
- 对1367名中风幸存者 (1999-2018) 的前性队列分析,使用基线24小时饮食回忆 (NHANES) 和死亡数据 (国家死亡指数).
- 考克斯的比例危险模型和受限立方线被用来分析与死亡率的关联,平均随访时间为79.0个月.
主要成果:
- 胆固醇摄入量每100毫克/1000千卡/天增加都与更高的全因死亡率 (HR 1.16) 和心血管死亡率 (HR 1.15) 有关.
- 每天食用>1个蛋与全因死亡率增加有关 (HR 1.40).
- 在患有心脏代谢疾病 (肥胖,高血压,糖尿病,高脂血症) 或晚年等子组中,相关性更强.
结论:
- 更大的饮食胆固醇摄入量与中风幸存者中升级的全因和心血管死亡风险线性相关.
- 适度的蛋消费 (≤1个蛋/天) 是相对安全的,但过度摄入会增加所有原因的死亡风险.
- 这些发现强调了饮食胆固醇和蛋消费管理在中风幸存者群体,特别是那些伴随疾病的人群中的重要性.
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