了解气候变化对结核病的影响机制:复杂的系统方法
Yahya Shadi1, Esmaeil Khedmati Morasae2, Salman Khazaei1,3
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
BMC public health
|October 8, 2025
概括
气候变化通过复杂的生物社会技术反循环显著影响结核病 (TB) 风险. 了解这些相互关系对于开发有效的多部门干预措施来缓解结核病发病率至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是全球主要的传染病死亡原因,尽管它是可以预防和治愈的.
- 不有效的卫生系统每年导致数百万新的结核病例和死亡.
- 气候变化影响结核病发病率的确切机制尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合有关气候变化对结核病发病率影响的文献.
- 开发一个全面的系统地图,说明气候变化和结核病风险之间的复杂相互关系.
主要方法:
- 对2024年9月之前发表的研究进行了系统的文献审查.
- 确定了35篇论文,详细介绍了气候变化和结核病之间的潜在机制.
- 采用因果循环图,一种复杂的系统方法,绘制这些机制,并通过专家审查进行验证.
主要成果:
- 一个系统地图揭示了六个强化反循环,说明了气候变化对结核病风险的影响.
- 关键环节包括热浪,能源使用,室内时间,空气传播疾病,食物获取,营养不良,医疗费用和传染性接触.
- 这些相互关联的因素直接或间接地影响结核病感染和发病率.
结论:
- 有效的缓解需要协调,多部门干预,解决将气候变化与结核病联系在一起的生物社会技术系统.
- 在这个系统中确定战略杆点对于减少与气候变化相关的结核病风险至关重要.
- 干预措施必须针对复杂的因素相互作用,以制结核病的传播和发病率.
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