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猫类高致病性禽流感H5N1感染:过去和现在

Audra-Lynne D Schlachter¹, Elizabeth Bruno-McClung², Josué Díaz-Delgado³

¹Department of Pathology and Animal Sciences, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, Surrey, UK.

Journal of feline medicine and surgery

|October 9, 2025

概括

高致病性禽流感 (HPAI) H5N1已经在全球范围内影响了猫科动物. 本综述研究了家猫和野猫的HPAI H5N1,涵盖流行病学,临床症状和预防策略.

科学领域:

兽医病毒学兽医病毒学
动物传播疾病动物传播疾病
野生动物健康野生动物健康

背景情况:

自2020年以来,高致病性禽流感 (HPAI) H5Nx类2.3.4.4b已经在禽群中造成显著的死亡率.
在各种哺乳动物物种中记录了溢出事件,包括家养和被囚禁的猫.
最近在美国奶牛群中爆发的HPAI H5N1疫情凸显了物种间传播和对哺乳动物的潜在风险.

研究的目的:

提供关于猫科动物HPAI H5N1感染的综合文献综述.
专注于家养和养野生猫中HPAI H5N1的流行病学,临床和病理方面的研究.
评估猫类HPAI H5N1感染的当前风险,检测方法和预防策略.

主要方法:

系统的文献搜索关于猫类HPAI H5N1的研究.
对流行病学数据,临床表现和病理发现的分析.
审查管理策略,风险评估和预防协议.

主要成果:

已检测到HPAI H5N1在家猫,囚禁的大猫和野猫中,通常与感染的鸟类或受污染的环境接触有关.
猫科动物的临床症状可以从轻微的呼吸道或神经系统症状到严重的致命疾病.
证明成功的物种间传播需要仔细的监测和控制措施.

结论:

猫类物种容易感染HPAI H5N1,这可能会引起公众健康和动物福利的担忧.
有效的监测,诊断测试和生物安全措施对于管理猫科动物的HPAI H5N1至关重要.
需要进一步的研究,以充分了解猫类特异性病原体和优化干预策略.

关键词:

这是一种H5N1流感.禽流感是禽流感的一种疾病.病理学的病理学呈现方式呈现方式预防预防预防审查审查审查审查审查审查危险的风险危险的风险

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