训练初级网球运动员增加膝盖 flexion 提高他们的服务性能
Joana Ferreira Hornestam1,2, Thales Rezende Souza1, Fabrício Anício Magalhães1
1Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Sports biomechanics
|October 9, 2025
概括
训练增加膝盖曲在网球服务期间显著提高球拍的速度. 这种生物力学调整可以提高服务性能,而不会增加上肢的压力.
科学领域:
- 体育 生物力学 运动 生物力学
- 网球表现分析 网球表现分析
- 运动学习是指运动学习.
背景情况:
- 网球发球是一个复杂的动力链动作,对表现至关重要.
- 优化下半身力学,特别是膝盖 flexion,可以提高效率服务.
- 了解生物力学适应是提高网球技巧的关键.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定在网球服务期间增加膝盖屈曲的训练是否能提高表现.
- 为了研究相关的生物力学变化,在整个身体,经过这种特定的训练.
- 评估对球拍速度和动力学参数的影响.
主要方法:
- 20名初级网球运动员被分为一个控制组 (标准训练) 和一个训练组.
- 训练组接受了具体的指令,以增加在服务期间的膝盖 flexion.
- 惯性传感器测量了训练期前后的全身和球拍动力学.
主要成果:
- 训练显著增加了31°的服务膝盖曲,导致球拍速度每小时1.38公里增加.
- 观察到前腿膝盖延伸范围和速度,部运动范围,骨盆上升速度和干部逆侧曲速度显著增加.
- 没有发现肩部内部旋转或肘部延伸速度的显著变化;撞击高度不受影响.
结论:
- 专注于增加膝盖屈曲的特定训练干预措施可以有效地提高网球发球性能.
- 这种改进主要是由于球拍速度的增加,归因于优化的下半身和中半身动力学.
- 这些发现表明,增强膝盖曲有助于提供动力,而不需要更大的上肢关节炼.
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