面向口服胰岛素控制释放纳米药物:一篇综述
Ayana Kannaghut Puthukudi1, Kaladhar Kamalasanan1, Prajitha Prabhakaran Ganga2,3
1Department of Pharmaceutics, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India.
Journal of biomaterials applications
|October 9, 2025
概括
使用纳米医学的口服胰岛素输送为糖尿病管理提供了注射的非侵入性替代方案. 纳米载体可以提高胰岛素的稳定性和吸收性,提高生物可用性,使患者更好地遵守.
科学领域:
- 纳米医学和药物输送
- 糖尿病治疗方法 糖尿病治疗方法 治疗方法
- 胃肠道药理学 胃肠道药理学
背景情况:
- 目前的糖尿病管理严重依赖于频繁的胰岛素注射,导致患者遵守不良.
- 口服胰岛素提供了一个非侵入性,负担得起和可访问的替代方案,但由于肠道障碍和胃肠道环境,它面临着重要的生物可用性挑战.
研究的目的:
- 对改善口服胰岛素输送的纳米医学策略进行审查.
- 探索纳米载体如何增强胰岛素的稳定性,生物可用性和胃肠道内的向药物.
主要方法:
- 使用体纳米载体 (聚合纳米颗粒,脂囊泡,脂基纳米颗粒) 封装和输送胰岛素.
- 检查关键参数,如粒子大小,表面电荷,泽塔潜力和聚合物-蛋白相互作用,以优化表皮细胞运输和酶保护.
- 研究接口工程策略,包括PEGylation,基托桑功能化和胆盐结合.
主要成果:
- 纳米载体有效地保护胰岛素免受酶降解,使其能够控制释放,并增强整个肠道粘膜的吸收.
- 表面修改和特定配方 (例如,对葡萄糖反应系统,细胞透) 显示出改善口服胰岛素疗效的潜力.
- 正在探索微针囊和SOMA系统等创新设备,以进一步提高治疗结果.
结论:
- 纳米医学策略提供了一个有希望的方法来克服口服胰岛素输送的局限性,提高稳定性和生物可用性.
- 进一步的研究将纳米载体系统与独特的输送途径相结合,对于成功的临床转化至关重要.
- 开发负担得起和可访问的纳米驱动口服胰岛素系统对糖尿病管理具有重大潜力.
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