用胸部X射线图像进行COVID-19,结核和肺炎分类的多类深度学习架构
Sameer Srivastava1, Eshanee Ghosh1, Abhinav Kumar1
1School of Computing Science Engineering and Artificial Intelligence, VIT Bhopal University, Bhopal-Indore Highway, Kothrikalan, Sehore, 466114, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Journal of medical imaging and radiation sciences
|October 9, 2025
概括
这项研究开发了一个使用胸部X射线检测COVID-19,结核病和肺炎的深度学习模型. VGG-19模型的准确性达到了97.5%,为改善肺病诊断提供了潜在的可能性.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
背景情况:
- 像COVID-19,结核病 (TB) 和肺炎这样的肺部疾病引起了严重的健康问题.
- 准确及时诊断这些疾病对于有效治疗至关重要.
- 医学成像,特别是胸部X射线,是主要的诊断工具.
研究的目的:
- 从胸部X射线图像开发和评估一个深度学习框架,用于从胸部X射线图像中对肺部疾病进行多类分类.
- 为了自动检测COVID-19,结核病,肺炎和正常情况.
- 解决公开可用的数据集中的阶级不平衡问题.
主要方法:
- 使用基于卷积神经网络 (CNN) 的框架进行多类分类.
- 应用合成少数群体过量采样技术 (SMOTE) 用于特征级数据平衡.
- 实施的预处理技术:图像规范化,增强和大小调整.
- 评估了多个深度学习架构:ResNet-50,EfficientNet,DenseNet,以及VGG-19.
主要成果:
- VGG-19架构实现了最高的测试准确率,为97.5%.
- 精度,回忆和F1分数在所有类别都超过了96%.
- 使用SMOTE生成了6000张胸部X射线图像的平衡数据集.
结论:
- 拟议的统一深度学习管道有效地整合了数据预处理,特征提取和肺部疾病检测分类.
- VGG-19模型显示了协助放射科医生在诊断决策中的巨大潜力.
- 虽然目前是一个研究框架,但该模型显示了未来临床探索的前景.
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