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在2009年至2023年期间,印度流感A ((H3N2) 病毒的进化动态

Varsha Potdar¹, Anam Dhawlarker¹, Veena Vipat¹

¹Influenza Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune 411001, India.

|October 9, 2025

概括

流感H3N2在印度不断演变,最近的菌株与世卫组织的疫苗建议相匹配. 这项研究分析了2009年至2023年的遗传序列,以了解其传播和演变.

科学领域:

病毒学病毒学
流行病学流行病学
遗传学遗传学是一种遗传学.

背景情况:

流感病毒,特别是H3N2亚型,由于其快速的遗传进化,构成了严重的公共卫生威胁.
了解H3N2的进化动态对于有效的公共卫生战略和疫苗开发至关重要.

研究的目的:

在2009年至2023年期间,对印度H3N2的演变进行全面的植物遗传学和植物地理分析.
调查在印度流传的H3N2菌株的流行病学动态和遗传多样性.

主要方法:

分析了518个来自印度的H3N2血凝素 (HA) 基因序列 (2009-2023年).
整合了462个公开可用的序列与来自印度19个州的56个新生成的序列 (2018-2023).
应用贝叶斯的遗传学和地质学方法来推断进化历史和模式.

主要成果:

自20世纪90年代中期以来,H3N2在印度的持续分子进化,估计进化速率为4.95 × 10−3替代/地点/年.
据估计,印度H3N2序列的最近的共同祖先 (MRCA) 约为1995年左右.
2023年占主导地位的H3N2菌株属于2a.3a.1类,其特点是I140K突变,与世卫组织推的疫苗菌株A/Darwin/6/2021密切匹配.

结论:

印度的H3N2病毒表现出持续的进化,需要持续的监测.
最近印度H3N2菌株的基因构成与全球推的疫苗目标一致,这表明疫苗的潜在有效性.
遗传学和遗传地理分析为印度流感病毒传播的时空动态提供了宝贵的见解.

关键词:

流行病学流行病学这种病毒是H3N2型.血凝素是血液中的一个组成部分.印度印度印度流感是一次流感.分子进化是分子进化的过程.人类遗传学分析

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