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现代护理中口腔护理方面的变化:系统性审查
Elham Rasoulian Barzoki1, Somayeh Fallah2, Samaneh Marofi3
1Department of Nursing, Kas.C., Islamic Azad University, Kashan, Iran.
BMC oral health
|October 10, 2025
概括
由于教育差距和系统性障碍,护士在提供必要的口腔护理方面面临着挑战. 有针对性的培训和资源可以显著改善护理实践和患者口腔卫生结果.
科学领域:
- 护理科学 护理科学
- 改善医疗保健质量 改善医疗保健质量
- 患者安全 患者安全
背景情况:
- 口腔护理对于预防严重的健康并发症至关重要,包括呼吸机相关的肺炎和全身炎症.
- 护士经常遇到有效口腔护理的重大障碍,例如缺乏培训,时间限制和缺乏标准化的协议.
- 护士在口腔护理中的角色正在以患者为中心和跨专业医疗保健模式发展.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合当前关于护士在提供患者口腔护理方面的角色,感知,障碍和干预措施的证据.
- 识别阻碍并使口腔卫生有效护理实践成为可能的因素.
- 为改善护理教育和有关口腔护理的医疗保健政策提供基于证据的信息.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南进行系统审查,综合2015年至2025年间发表的定性,定量和混合方法研究.
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,CINAHL,Scopus,Web of Science,Embase) 和灰色文献中使用目标关键字进行了搜索.
- 使用JBI和MMAT工具评估研究质量,通过叙事综合和主题分析整合发现.
主要成果:
- 包括来自12个国家的32项研究,涉及各种医疗机构 (ICU,普通病房,养老院).
- 关键发现表明护士知识不足,态度变化,做法不一致,以及工作量和资源短缺等重大障碍.
- 改善口腔护理的推动因素包括加强培训 (例如VR模拟),患者赋权,跨学科合作和支持性政策.
结论:
- 教育缺陷和系统障碍阻碍护士口腔护理的有效性,而有针对性的培训和资源可以提高它.
- 研究结果支持需要全面的护理课程,基于证据的协议,以及跨学科的合作,以提升口腔护理.
- 未来的研究应该探索在各种环境中可扩展的干预措施,以优化患者口腔卫生结果.
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