与中风后行走表现相关的上下文因素:系统性审查和元分析
Frontiers in neurology
|October 10, 2025
概括
脑卒中患者平均每天走4,296步,不符合指导方针. 了解环境和用户环境等上下文因素是改善中风幸存者的日常步数和步行表现的关键.
科学领域:
- 康复医学 康复医学 康复医学
- 运动科学 运动科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 卒中幸存者往往会经历下降的行走能力,影响他们的日常活动水平和生活质量.
- 包括用户,环境和任务元素在内的上下文因素被认为是中风后移动性的关键决定因素.
- 量化步行表现和确定相关的上下文因素对于开发有效的康复策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合有关中风后个人的行走表现的数据.
- 在中风患者群体中识别和分析与步行表现相关的上下文因素.
- 为设计有针对性的干预措施提供证据,以提高中风幸存者的每日步数和移动性.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Web of Science,Embase和Cochrane图书馆进行了全面的文献搜索,截至2024年9月4日.
- 包括观察性研究,检查中风患者的行走性能 (例如,步数,时间,距离) 和上下文因素.
- 使用元分析来评估情境因素与步行表现之间的关系,使用费舍尔的z值转换为相关系数 (r).
主要成果:
- 包括30项研究,步数是走路表现最常测量的方面,平均4296步/日中风后.
- 步行耐力 (r=0.60) 与每日步数有很强的相关性. 在每日步骤和步行速度 (r=0.41),生活质量 (r=0.46),自我效能 (r=0.30),心肺健康 (r=0.36),平衡 (r=0.37) 和运动评估 (r=0.49) 之间观察到中等相关性.
- 年龄 (r=-0.10) 和面积剥夺指数 (r=-0.15) 等因素与每日步数有关,尽管影响大小小小.
结论:
- 在中风患者中,每天的平均步数不符合建议的指导方针.
- 环境因素,包括用户,环境和任务元素,显著影响步行表现和每日步数.
- 调查结果强调了在设计干预措施时考虑上下文因素的重要性,以增加每日步数并改善中风幸存者的流动性.
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