当败血症不是败血症时:一种自我免疫肌肉病的病例报告伪装成术后感染
Sharlet Shabu Pappachan1, Rizana Riyaz2, Jane Snook1
1Geriatrics, Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, Harlow, GBR.
Cureus
|October 10, 2025
概括
死性自身免疫性肌肉病 (NAM) 可以模仿术后败血症,导致诊断延迟. 早期的皮质类固醇治疗对于血清阴性病例的康复至关重要,即使有负面的感染后果.
科学领域:
- 医学 医学 医学 医学 医学
- 类风湿病学 类风湿病学
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 死亡性自身免疫性肌肉病变 (NAM) 是一种罕见的炎症性肌肉病变.
- NAM可能会出现模仿术后败血症的症状,导致诊断挑战.
- 患有并发症的老年患者的术后并发症需要仔细的差异诊断.
研究的目的:
- 突出诊断挑战,区分手术后败血症和死性自身免疫肌病.
- 强调在血清阴性自身免疫肌肉病症病例中临床怀疑的重要性.
- 为了强调早期皮质类固醇治疗在管理NAM中的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一个79岁的男性经过半关节整形术后的病例报告.
- 持续发烧的临床表现,炎症标志物升高,以及渐进的肌肉衰弱.
- 诊断工作包括广泛的败血症查和肌炎特异性抗体面板.
- 启动经验低剂量皮质类固醇治疗,因为临床恶化和负面的感染后果.
主要成果:
- 患者在术后表现出持续性炎症和升高的炎症标志物,最初怀疑是败血症.
- 尽管微生物学研究的结果是负面的,但四倍体和肌酸激酶水平升高的发展.
- 显著的临床改善,包括发烧的停止和肌肉力量的快速恢复,在皮质类固醇开始后.
- 在两周内,炎症标志物显著减少和患者动员.
结论:
- 区分NAM和术后败血症是一个重大的临床挑战.
- 血清阴性NAM需要依赖临床敏性,当抗体面板是负的.
- 及时识别和启动皮质类固醇治疗对于NAM的良好结果至关重要,特别是与他类药物相关的病例.
- 临床医生应该考虑自身免疫性肌肉病在无法解释的术后软弱和负面的传染病进展.
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