从封锁到恢复:在患有喘的儿科队列中,病毒感染严重程度的变化模式
Cassidy Jones1, Matthew Laws2, Shahwar Yousuf3
1Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, United States.
Frontiers in allergy
|October 10, 2025
概括
在COVID-19期间的非药物干预 (NPI) 显著降低了儿科喘恶化严重程度. 病毒感染在流行后反弹,但疾病严重程度仍然较低,突显了公共卫生措施的持久影响.
科学领域:
- 儿科肺病学 儿科肺病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 呼吸系统病毒,如鼻病毒和RSV,通常会引发儿童喘发作.
- 对于COVID-19非药物干预措施 (NPI) 对儿科喘结果的影响尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 评估COVID-19 NPI之前,期间和之后患有喘的儿童呼吸道病毒感染的流行病学和严重性的变化.
主要方法:
- 对9391名确诊病毒感染的儿科喘患者 (4-18岁) 的横截面分析 (2018-2024年).
- 通过BioFire®呼吸系统面板检测病毒;使用修改的世卫组织临床改善指数表 (mWHO OSI) 评估临床严重程度.
- 根据NPI时期,病毒类型,农村和童年机会指数 (COI) 分类的患者.
主要成果:
- 鼻病毒/肠病毒 (RV/EV) 是最常见的病毒. 在NPI期间病毒发病率下降,但在NPI后随着季节性变化而增加.
- 随着时间的推移,临床严重程度 (mWHO OSI评分) 显著下降 (NPI前: 2.98; NPI: 2.49; NPI后: 2.28).
- 住院,PICU入院和氧气使用显著减少 (p < 0.0001);农村/低COI患者的严重程度差异在NPI后缩小.
结论:
- 尽管流行后病毒检测增加,但NPI导致儿科喘恶化严重程度持续降低.
- 这些发现强调了NPI对儿科喘的长期公共卫生影响.
- 对呼吸道病毒和健康差异的持续监测至关重要.
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