重新评估与葡萄酒相关的Oenococcus oeni中的物种下多样性模式
Florencia Oviedo-Hernandez1, Magali Bou-Deleris2, Sibylle Krieger-Weber2
1Université Bordeaux, UMR1366 Oenologie, Bordeaux INP, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
Frontiers in microbiology
|October 10, 2025
概括
欧诺科克 (Oenococcus oeni) 细菌对于葡萄酒的乳发酵 (MLF) 是至关重要的. 从各种葡萄酒中选择强壮的品种是克服现代葡萄酒变异性所带来的挑战,以保持一致的MLF至关重要.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 葡萄酒学 葡萄酒学 葡萄酒学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 球菌 (Oenococcus oeni) 驱动乳发酵 (MLF),对葡萄酒的质量和稳定性至关重要.
- 现代葡萄酒的多样性 (葡萄品种,气候,酒) 挑战了自发的MLF和商业初始培养的有效性.
- 需要从更广泛的葡萄酒环境中选择更坚固的O. oeni菌株.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同欧洲葡萄酒中O. oeni种群的遗传多样性和适应能力.
- 为了确定能够在具有挑战性的现代葡萄酒条件下可靠的MLF,强大的O. oeni菌株.
- 了解不同葡萄酒矩阵对O. oeni种群结构和基因组内容的影响.
主要方法:
- 收集了21种不同的葡萄品种和化学特征 (乙醇,多,pH) 的欧洲葡萄酒.
- 隔离并对385个主导的O. oeni殖民地进行MLVA类型化.
- 在48个代表性菌株上进行全基因组测序,以分析基因组内容和种群结构.
主要成果:
- 观察到O. oeni种群的显著异质性,受葡萄酒类型和化学约束的影响.
- 鉴定了具有独特辅助基因组内容的菌株,表明适应特定的葡萄酒环境.
- 在某些葡萄酒中发现了基因相关的群体,但在其他葡萄酒中也发现了具有对比特征的菌株,这表明了复杂的种群动态.
结论:
- 葡萄酒的复杂矩阵显著塑造了O. oeni的种群结构和基因组多样性.
- 欧欧尼菌株的多样化可以通过各种策略或葡萄酒制作中的分工来提高适应性.
- 未来的选策略应该考虑葡萄酒的更广泛的多样性,以确定可靠的低乳酸发酵的强壮菌株.
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