人工智能作为诊断ADHD的支持:非正统方法的洞察力:一个范围审查
Amna Zaheer1,2, Ahmad Akhtar1,3
1Department of Research and Development, Darul Qalb, Knoxville, TN, USA.
概括
人工智能 (AI) 增强了使用机器学习和深度学习的注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 诊断. 人工智能在ADHD检测方面表现有前途,但数据质量等挑战需要在临床使用中解决.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 诊断依赖于传统方法.
- 新兴技术为改善诊断准确性和效率提供了潜力.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查人工智能 (AI) 在注意力缺陷多动症障碍 (ADHD) 检测和评估中的作用.
- 评估各种AI方法在ADHD诊断中的性能和局限性.
主要方法:
- 在20多年内发表的54项研究的范围审查,遵循PRISMA指南.
- 对人工智能在脑成像 (MRI),脑活动监测 (EEG,ECG),行为评估,虚拟现实和运动传感器中的应用进行分析.
- 机器学习 (ML),深度学习 (DL),卷积神经网络 (CNN),支持向量机器 (SVM) 和自然语言处理 (NLP) 模型的评估.
主要成果:
- 人工智能,特别是ML和DL算法,在ADHD检测中显示出诊断准确度从70%到95%.
- 在分析大脑成像和信号方面,CNN和SVM表现出色,而NLP在行为评估方面显示出潜力.
- 关键的挑战包括算法偏见,数据质量问题以及对临床整合的多样化数据集的需求.
结论:
- 人工智能有很大的潜力改变ADHD诊断,提供更高的速度和精度.
- 建议采用混合方法,将AI工具与传统的临床评估相结合,以提高诊断可靠性和患者的治疗结果.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索AI在ADHD治疗监测和个性化干预中的作用.
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