使用地理空间数据和机器学习方法的潜力,绘制高分辨率的农业干旱危险地图
Ujjal Senapati1, Aman Srivastava1, Rajib Maity2
1Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India.
Environmental monitoring and assessment
|October 10, 2025
概括
本研究介绍了一种机器学习 (ML) - 地理空间框架,用于准确地绘制半干旱地区的农业干旱危险 (ADH) 地图. 随机森林模型表现出卓越的性能,识别了易受干旱影响的重要区域,以改善水源安全和农业弹性.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 有效的农业干旱危险 (ADH) 区划对于水源安全和减轻半干旱地区的作物损失至关重要.
- 传统的干旱评估方法未能捕捉到雨水盆地的地质环境驱动因素的复杂相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一个机器学习 (ML) - 地理空间框架,以改进ADH评估.
- 整合卫星衍生的指数和土壤水文参数,用于非线性干旱驱动因素分析.
主要方法:
- 使用了四种ML模型:随机森林 (RF),人工神经网络 (ANN),支持矢量机器 (SVM) 和自适应回归 (AR).
- 整合了八个地理环境输入变量用于干旱建模.
- 在Dwarakeshwar上游河流域 (UDRB) 使用AUC-ROC和RMSE评估模型性能.
主要成果:
- 射频模型获得了最高的性能 (97.8%AUC-ROC,0.26RMSE),其次是SVM (94.6%,0.28) 和ANN (93.8%,0.32).
- ADH 地图显示24.85-44.35%的UDRB是非常高的地区,16.96-22.86%是高ADH的地区.
- 容易遭受干旱的极端干旱地区的很大一部分需要有针对性的干旱减缓战略.
结论:
- 机器学习地理空间框架有效地划分了ADH区域,优于传统方法.
- 这些发现支持早期干旱预警,应急准备和雨水盆地的精准农业.
- 这种方法提高了依赖农业的易受气候影响的农业社区的抵御力.
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