没有头脑的精神化:生成性AI的心理治疗潜力
Karen Yirmiya1,2,3, Peter Fonagy1
1Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Journal of medical Internet research
|October 10, 2025
概括
生成型人工智能 (AI) 在心理治疗中显示出潜力,但缺乏真正的联系,冒着对弱势个体造成伤害的风险. 伦理监管和临床医生的参与对于人工智能来说至关重要,它可以增强而不是取代治疗关系.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 心理健康技术 心理健康技术
背景情况:
- 正在探索将生成AI整合到心理治疗实践中.
- 心理化理论和认识论信任是理解治疗关系的关键框架.
- 目前人工智能模拟治疗组件的能力显著但有限.
研究的目的:
- 探索将生成AI整合到心理治疗中,使用心态化理论.
- 批判性地检查AI复制核心治疗组件的能力,如同情心和思维.
- 确定风险,并为AI在心理健康领域提出道德途径.
主要方法:
- 对AI模拟治疗元素的能力进行批判性检查.
- 通过心智化理论和认识论信任的镜头进行分析.
- 对弱势群体的潜在风险和伦理考虑的审查.
主要成果:
- 人工智能,特别是大型语言模型,可以模拟情绪反应和治疗对话.
- 人工智能缺乏真正的情感存在,互惠的意向和情感的承诺,阻碍了真正的认识体系信任.
- 显著的风险包括伪同情,心理等价,超思维化和认识系统剥削,特别是对于创伤幸存者.
结论:
- 人工智能在心理治疗中的作用应该增强人类的能力,而不是取代核心的关系元素.
- 为将人工智能整合到临床实践,培训和客户护理中,提出了道德知情的途径.
- 仔细的道德监管,跨学科研究和临床医生的参与对于开发基于AI的心理治疗模型至关重要.
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