了解亚马逊河流社区的健康挑战:在气候变化背景下对社区感知的定性研究
Alícia Patrine Cacau Dos Santos1,2, Theo de Lima Guerra1,3, Evellyn Antonieta Rondon Tomé da Silva1,2
1Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
PloS one
|October 10, 2025
概括
亚马逊地区的极端气候事件加剧了河流社区的健康和孤立. 这加剧了粮食不安全,疾病,并限制了医疗保健的获取,要求紧急,定制的解决方案.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
- 贫困地区的公共卫生
背景情况:
- 巴西亚马逊河流居民因气候变化造成的干旱和洪水等影响而面临孤立.
- 厄尔尼诺和人类活动加剧的极端天气事件限制了获得重要医疗保健服务的机会.
- 弱势群体因获得医疗保健的机会有限而经历了更大的健康不平等.
研究的目的:
- 调查极端气候事件对传统河流社区健康和医疗保健的影响.
- 了解这些社区对气候相关健康挑战的看法和生活经验.
- 确定河流人口在极端气候条件下面临的特定健康风险和进入障碍.
主要方法:
- 在巴西西亚马逊的塔巴廷加河社区进行了一项定性研究.
- 32名参与者 (农民,渔民,学生) 进行了深入采访和重点小组讨论.
- 使用MAXQDA软件进行了主题分析,以确定关键主题.
主要成果:
- 两个主要主题出现了:亚马逊季节性对医疗保健准入的影响和河岸到来/离开的动态.
- 参与者报告了健康问题,包括水/食物不安全,财务脆弱,胃肠道疾病,事故,河流污染和溺水.
- 受访者认为极端天气持续加剧了十年,健康状况恶化,粮食/水安全和医疗保健获得.
结论:
- 河流社区极易受到气候变化的影响,气候危机加剧了现有的健康问题.
- 迫切需要定制的医疗保健解决方案,如远程医疗,移动诊所和弹性运输.
- 由于河流航行不可靠,对通信基础设施和紧急航空运输的投资至关重要.
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