在澳大利亚注射毒品的人群中,个人层面的降低伤害干预覆盖范围
Olivia Price1, Daniel O'Keefe2, Samantha Colledge-Frisby3
1National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
The International journal on drug policy
|October 10, 2025
概括
降低伤害的干预措施,如无菌针和阿片类药物激动剂治疗 (OAT),在注射毒品的澳大利亚人中具有很高的覆盖率. 然而,需要改善的拿回家纳洛 (THN) 接入,有些人仍然重复使用注射器.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 关键的降低危害干预措施,包括针和注射器程序 (NSPs),阿片类激素治疗 (OAT) 和带回家的纳洛 (THN),对于减少血液传播病毒的传播和注射毒品 (PWID) 过量至关重要.
- 了解这些干预措施的当前覆盖范围对于公共卫生政策和方案制定至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在澳大利亚的PWID中提供NSP,OAT和THN的个体级覆盖率数据.
- 为了比较2018年至2023年的覆盖率,并确定不同子组之间的差异.
主要方法:
- 分析了2018年和2023年的横截面调查数据.
- 覆盖范围被评估为足够的无菌针/注射器,世卫组织推的注射器数量,针/注射器重复使用,OAT收件和永远获得THN.
- 统计比较包括奇平方测试和波桑回归.
主要成果:
- 对于足够的无菌针/注射器供应,观察到高覆盖率 (2023年为88%).
- 阿片类激素治疗 (OAT) 覆盖率从2018年的71%增加到2023年的78% (p=0.015).
- 拿回家的纳洛 (THN) 覆盖率翻了一番,到2023年达到55% (p<0.001),尽管在注射甲基胺者中较低.
- 三分之一的参与者报告说,在2023年,他们会重复使用针头/注射器.
结论:
- 澳大利亚PWID的个人针/注射器和OAT覆盖率达到或超过了目标.
- 在实施和采用家庭纳洛 (THN) 方面仍然存在重大差距.
- 尽管注射器覆盖率很高,但针/注射器重复使用仍然存在,这凸显了持续减少危害的需求.
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