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Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

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Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
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Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview01:24

Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview

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Mania, a psychological condition characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and reduced sleep need, is part of the bipolar disorder cycle. The exact cause of mania isn't entirely known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Bipolar disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes. Mood stabilizers like lithium, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants help manage these episodes. Lithium carbonate is particularly effective as...
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Borderline Personality Disorder01:25

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Borderline Personality Disorder is a complex and multifaceted mental health condition characterized by pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, and impulse control. This instability manifests in extreme emotional reactions, fear of abandonment, and self-destructive behaviors. The disorder significantly impacts daily functioning, often leading to distress in both personal and professional domains.
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Diagnosing acid-base imbalances involves systematically analyzing arterial blood samples, focusing on three key measurements: pH, bicarbonate (HCO3−) concentration, and carbon dioxide partial pressure (PCO2). This analysis follows a four-step process that helps identify the imbalance's underlying cause and nature.
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Depression: Overview01:18

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Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
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Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
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在双相情感障碍中的酸积累.

Andres Marcelo Trevino-Alvarez1, Vanessa Pazdernik2, Manuel Gardea-Resendez3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Department of Neurology, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico.

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概括

患有双相情感障碍 (BD) 的人表现出更大的酸积累 (AA),由改变的酸平衡表明. 这种酸积累在BD和酒精戒断综合征 (AWS) 患者中更加明显.

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科学领域:

  • 生物化学 生物化学
  • 代谢障碍 代谢障碍 代谢障碍
  • 精神病学是一个精神病学.

背景情况:

  • 酸积累 (AA) 是一种代谢状态,其特点是离子度增加,通常反映为低二碳酸盐 (HCO3),高离子间隙 (AG) 或纠正离子间隙 (CAG).
  • AA与各种健康状况有关,包括肥胖,胰岛素抵抗和脏疾病,这些疾病也在双相情感障碍 (BD) 中普遍存在.
  • 尽管相关因素的患病率很高,但AA尚未在BD患者中进行过研究.

研究的目的:

  • 评估被诊断患有双相情感障碍 (BD) 的个体中酸积累 (AA) 的存在和程度.
  • 为了比较患有BD的人与健康对照人之间的酸积累水平.
  • 进一步调查与单独BD和对照患者相比,患有酒精戒断综合征 (AWS) 的BD患者的酸积累.

主要方法:

  • 从生物银行队列中回顾性分析电子健康记录数据.
  • 包括标准包括患有BD的个人 (n=733),对照组 (n=548) 和患有AWS的BD (BD+AWS,n=399).
  • 根据年龄,性别,体重指数 (BMI) 和估计的膜过率 (eGFR) 进行了统计分析,以比较酸参数.

主要成果:

  • 与对照组相比,患有BD的个体表现出明显较低的二碳酸盐 (HCO3) 水平和更高的离子间隙 (AG) 和更正的离子间隙 (CAG).
  • 调整后的分析证实,与对照组相比,BD组的AG和CAG较高 (AG:10.8与10.1mEq/L相比;CAG:11.7与10.4mEq/L).
  • 与BD组和对照组相比,BD+AWS组表现出明显更高的酸积累 (所有p < 0.001).

结论:

  • 这项研究显示,双相情感障碍患者的酸积累程度更高.
  • 在患有双相情感障碍和同时出现的酒精戒断综合征的个体中,酸积累显著加剧.
  • 对BD中酸积累的危险因素和机制进行进一步的研究是潜在的个性化预防策略的必要.