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Y L Yu¹, Z Y Liu¹

¹Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.

Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology

|October 10, 2025

概括

骨髓甲状腺癌 (MTC) 是一种罕见但具有攻击性的神经内分泌瘤,具有多种病理特征. 在分级系统和基因查方面的进步,特别是对于RET突变,改善了对复发和向治疗的诊断和风险分层.

科学领域:

内分泌学在内分泌学.
在瘤学瘤学.
病理学病理学病理学

背景情况:

甲状腺髓性癌 (MTC) 是甲状腺最常见的神经内分泌癌,以其侵入性和高转移率和复发率而闻名.
MTC表现出多样化的细胞学和组织学模式,具有可变的calcitonin,癌胚抗原和神经内分泌标记物的表达.
MTC被分为遗传型和零星型,经常与RET基因突变有关.

研究的目的:

总结一下最近在MTC病理诊断方面的进展.
突出MTC分级系统和分子特征在诊断中的重要性.
强调基因查和咨询在风险分层和向治疗中的作用.

主要方法:

关于MTC病理诊断的最新文献的综述.
分析世界卫生组织第五版内分泌和神经内分泌瘤分类,用于MTC分级.
专注于分子特征,包括RET基因突变及其诊断影响.

主要成果:

世界卫生组织第五版分类介绍了基于瘤缩,线粒体数字和Ki-67指数的低级和高级MTC.
组织学分级和RET基因突变被确定为独立的预后预测因素.
了解MTC分子格局的进步有助于制定有针对性的治疗策略.

结论:

对MTC的病理诊断从组织学分类和分子分析的综合评估中受益.
基因查和咨询对于识别有风险的个体和指导个性化治疗至关重要.
对MTC病理学和遗传学的持续研究将进一步完善诊断和治疗方法.

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