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在研究队伍中比较表征皮肤色素多样性的方法
Michael S Lipnick1,2,3, Danni Chen1,3, Tyler Law1,2,3
1University of California San Francisco Hypoxia Research Laboratory, San Francisco, CA, USA.
The British journal of dermatology
|October 10, 2025
概括
准确的皮肤颜色表征对于各种研究至关重要. 目前的方法,特别是主观的尺度和种族类别,有局限性,可以误导较深的肤色,影响队列多样性.
科学领域:
- 医疗器械开发 医疗器械开发
- 生物医学研究方法学
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 肤色较深的人群中脉冲氧计性能差异与设备开发队伍中缺乏多样性有关.
- 需要标准化和公平的方法来表征皮肤色素,以确保代表性的研究参与者选择.
- 本研究评估了各种皮肤色素测量技术,以评估其可靠性,可比性和对队列多样性的影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估常见皮肤色素测量方法的可靠性和可比性.
- 为了比较不同解剖位置的皮肤颜色测量.
- 证明种族类别,如美国国家卫生研究院 (NIH) 使用的类别,不足以假设皮肤色素水平.
主要方法:
- 采用了三种主观方法:感知菲茨帕特里克 (pFP) 尺度,蒙克皮肤色调 (MST) 尺度和Von Luschan (VL) 尺度.
- 使用了两种客观方法:Konica Minolta CM-700d光谱相仪和Delfin皮肤颜色捕捉 (DSCC) 色素计,测量了个别类型角度 (ITA).
- 评估主观方法的操作者感知度值 (ΔE) 和客观方法的可重现性,将参与者分类为"轻,中或暗"以比较队列多样性影响.
主要成果:
- 蒙克皮肤色调 (MST) 尺度提供了最广泛的亮度范围,而·卢尚 (VL) 尺度具有最不明显的相邻类别.
- 使用ITA值<-30°来定义"黑色"皮肤,14%的参与者被归类为黑色,相比之下,pFP的26%或MST的16%.
- 使用"黑人或非洲裔美国人"自我识别导致23%的队列被归类为黑暗,突出了方法和自我识别之间的重大差异. 来自光谱仪和色谱仪的客观测量 (ITA,L*) 显示出强烈的相关性 (ρ > 0.7).
结论:
- 主观皮肤色素特征表征方法和基于种族的分类具有重大局限性.
- 对同一群体应用的不同测量技术产生了相当多样化的结果,其中一些可能高估了多样性.
- 定义"黑色"皮肤的确立的ITA值不够低,导致研究中较黑色皮肤色调的个体代表性不足.
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